Induction And Identification Of Autotetraploid ’Wuyueman’ And Construction Of Fingerprint Of 8 Main Materials

Polyploidy widely exists in the plant kingdom.Polyploidy is the power to promote plant evolution and an important way to generate new species in the process of plant evolution.In agricultural production,artificial mutagenesis is often used to obtain polyploid plants.In order to obtain the autotetraploid Wuyueman’ plant,the diploid ’Wuyueman’ was used as the experimental material,and the shoot apex was treated six times in cotyledon stage using 0.2%colchicine solution.At each stage of plant growth,many methods such as morphological and cytological were continuously used to identify autotetraploid ’Wuyueman’.After obtaining the autotetraploid ’Wuyueman’,we compared the nutritional quality and agronomic characteristics between diploid and autotetraploid plants.The results are as follows:Morphologically,autotetraploid showed ’greatness’ in leaves,flowers,floral organs,seed pods,seeds,etc.The leaves were darker in color,and the leaf margin were sharply serrated than diploids.In cytology,the chromosome’s number of autotetraploid is 40,which is twice than that in diploids.the results of flow cytometry showed that the relative content of diploid DNA is about 70,and it is about 140 in autotetraploid.The comparison of nutrient quality shows that the soluble protein content and anthocyanin content of autotetraploid are significantly improved by 43.94%,37.08%respectively;Nitrate nitrogen content and cellulose content significantly decreased by 24.03%and 31.84%respectively.In terms of agronomic traits,the autotetraploid show more obviously girdle phenotype,and the leaf length,stalk length were smaller than diploid,resulting in compact and short plant architecture in autotetraploid.In this study,diploid non-heading Chinese cabbage’Wuyueman’ was used as the material to achieve chromosome doubling.The autotetraploid ’Wuyueman’ material was successfully created,which provided the material basis for variety selection and polyploid mechanism research.With the development of breeding technology,the variety of non-heading Chinese cabbage is becoming more and more abundant.And the number of similar varieties（lines）is also increasing,which brings some difficulties and inconveniences to the identification and rational utilization of varieties（lines）resources.In order to identify varieties（lines）of non-heading Chinese cabbage accurately and quickly,different varieties（lines）were distinguished from each other at the gene level by using DNA molecular markers.Eight non-heading Chinese cabbage germplasm were collected to construct DNA fingerprint database by SSR technique.Nine primers with high polymorphism were screened from 59 SSR primers,and the microsatellite DNA fingerprints of non-heading Chinese cabbage were constructed.According to the fingerprint,the varieties（lines）of non heading Chinese cabbage can be identified from the genetic nature,providing a theoretical basis for market supervision and variety right protection of non-heading Chinese cabbage in the future.The samples can be increased continuously in the future according to the demand,and updated the microsatellite DNA fingerprints in real time.