Effects Of Plant And Row Configuration On Growth And Yield Of Multiple Soybean In Southern Xinjiang

In order to study the best plant and row configuration suitable for planting multiple sowing soybeans in this area,this experiment will be completed at the Tarim University Agronomy Experiment Station from June to October 2021.The experiment set up three kinds of row spacing to deal with 15 cm、30 cm、45 cm（H1,H2,H3）,three kinds of density treatment 52.56×10⁴ plants·hm^-2、55×10⁴ plants·hm^-2、60×10⁴ plants·hm^-2（M1,M2,M3）,to study the effects of different plant and row configurations on the agronomic traits,photosynthetic characteristics,grain filling characteristics,dry matter accumulation and distribution,and soybean yield of reseeding soybean,provide theoretical basis and technical support for realizing high and stable yield of replanting soybean in southern Xinjiang.The test results are as follows:1.Plant height,stem diameter,number of main stem nodes,and leaf shape index all gradually increased with the advancement of the growth process,the plant height and the number of main stem nodes gradually increased with the increase of density,stem diameter and leaf shape index decreased with increasing density.Soybean plant height was highest in H2M3 treatment,up to 67.38 cm,H1M3 treated soybean with the highest number of nodes,up to 12.7 nodes,stem diameter was the largest in H1M1 treatment,up to 0.64 cm,the leaf shape index of soybean treated with H3M1 was the highest,up to 2.72.2.LAI and LAD gradually increased with the advancement of the fertility process,to the R6 phase to reach the maximum,the LAI performance of each density treatment is M2>M3>M1,it means that the density is too high or too low to promote the effect of soybean LAI is not good.R2-R4 period LAD rises the fastest,R4-R6 period reaches maximum.H2M2 handles LAI and LAD the highest,respectively reached 6.52、128.86 m²·d,it shows that the spatial distribution of individual leaves of soybean plants treated with H2M2is the best,the strongest photosynthesis.3.Pn、Gs、Tr、Ci with the advancement of the fertility process,showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing,the maximum value is reached in R4,the SPAD value reaches its maximum value in the R6phase.In the R4 stage,the densities of Pn、Gs and Tr are all M2>M1>M3,it shows that M2 treatment has the best effect on promoting Pn、Gs and Tr in soybean.The SPAD value of H1M2 is the largest,reaching54.01,H3M3 handles the largest Fo,reaching 248.25,H2M2 processes Fm、Fv/Fm、Fv/Fo to the maximum,respectively reached 856.33、0.80、3.91.The interaction effect of line spacing and density has a very significant difference level on Fo、Fv/Fm and Fv/Fo.4.The maximum 100-grain weight of H3M3 treatment is the highest,up to 21.27 g,and the production of grains during the duration of grouting and at all stages is the highest.H2M2 has the highest grouting rate at each stage.5.Soybean dry matter accumulation gradually increased with the advancement of the growth process,peak at R8,the dry matter accumulation of H3M1 treatment reached the highest of 29.34 g.The dry matter accumulation of H1M1 treatment reached the highest level of 12.83 g in the R6-R8 stage,in the R2-R4 stage,the dry matter accumulation reached a maximum of 8.75 g.In the R6-R8 stage,soybean dry matter is mainly concentrated in the vegetative organ pods,and the proportion of dry matter of pods treated in R8 stage reached more than 85%,H1M1 and H1M3 treated the most dry matter accumulation,respectively reach 12.83 g、9.06 g.6.The yield of H1M3 treatment was the highest,and the yield of H3M2 treatment was the lowest,reaching 6 155.8 kg·hm^-2 and 4 142.6 kg·hm^-2,respectively.H1M3 treatment increased by 48.6%compared with H3M2 treatment,it shows that H1M3 treatment has the best effect on improving soybean grain yield,best for planting in southern Xinjiang.The correlations among soybean yield,pod number per plant,grain number per plant,and grain weight per plant all showed a very significant positive correlation,among them,the correlation coefficient between the number of grains per plant and soybean yield is the highest,up to0.9446.