| Plastic products are widely used in people’s daily life,and the output of micro plastic products is increasing year by year.Weathered microplastics have a great impact on soil,animals,plants and microorganisms,and then threaten the health of the ecological environment.In order to study the effects of microplastics on plants and soil,pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of microplastics with different particle sizes（T1:10μm,T2:100μm T3:500μm T4:1000μm T5:3000μm）on the uptake of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium nutrients,soil physical and chemical properties and soil enzymes under the condition of rapeseed cultivation.To explore the influence degree of microplastics with different particle sizes,so as to provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of farmland microplastics.The main results are as follows:After planting for 10 days,the biomass of CK rape was 0.13g· plant-1,and the biomass of T1-T5 plant decreased by 11.00% 49.09%,T1,T2 and T3 treatments had the greatest effect on the accumulation of plant biomass.After 20 days of planting,the biomass of CK rape was 0.29g· plant-1,and the biomass of T1-T5 plant decreased by 19.36% 29.00%,T1-T5 treatments all affected the accumulation of plant biomass,and the difference was not significant.After 30 days of planting,the biomass of CK rape was 0.66 g.plant-1,and the biomass of T1-T5 plants decreased by 6.57% 31.15%,T1 treatment had the greatest effect on the accumulation of plant biomass.After planting for 10 days,the root activity of CK was 94.16mg·（g·h）-1,and the decrease of T1-T5 root activity was 6.57% 61.64%;after 20 days of planting,the root activity of CK was 212.85mg·（g·h）-1,and the decrease of T1-T5 root activity was 37.70% 68.90%;After 30 days of planting,the root activity of CK was 667.57mg·（g·h）-1,the difference of T5 was not significant,and the decrease of T1-T4 root activity was between 27.46% 34.76%.In all stages,T1 treatment had the greatest effect on plant root activity.After planting for 10 days,the root length of CK was 151.81 cm,and the root length of T1-T5 decreased by 14.68% 56.61%;after 20 days of planting,the root length of CK was 353.08 cm,and the root length of T1-T5 decreased by 20.03% 52.94%;after 30 days of planting,the root length of CK was 488.07 cm,and the root length of T1-T5 decreased by 22.47% 53.83%.In all stages,T5 treatment had the greatest effect on plant root length.After planting for 10 days,the root surface area of CK was 17.33 cm2,and the root surface area of T1-T5 decreased by 29.93% 60.29%;after 20 days of planting,the root surface area of CK was 43.05 cm2,and the root surface area of T1-T5 decreased by 16.24% 59.94%;after 30 days of planting,the root surface area of CK was 85.08 cm2,and the root surface area of T1-T5 decreased by 13.37% 47.96%.In all stages,T5 treatment had the greatest effect on the root surface areaAfter 10 days of planting,the volume of CK root was 0.24 cm3,and the volume of T1-T5 root decreased by 37.22% 63.02%;after 20 days of planting,the volume of CK root was 1.65 cm3,and the volume of T1-T5 root decreased by 20.61% 80.71%;After 30 days of planting,the root volume of CK was 5.38 cm3,and the root volume of T1-T5 decreased by 19.46% 64.39%.In all stages,T5 treatment had the greatest effect on plant root volume.After planting for 10 days,the average diameter of CK roots was 0.46 mm,and the average diameter of T1-T5 roots decreased by 10.82% 31.55%,there was no significant difference between T3 and T5 treatments,and had the greatest effect on the average root diameter of plants.After 20 days of planting,the average diameter of CK roots was 0.62 mm,and the average diameter of T1-T5 roots decreased by 10.68% 34.71%,T2 treatment had the greatest effect on the average root diameter.After 30 days of planting,the average diameter of CK roots was 0.69 mm,and the average diameter of T1-T5 roots decreased by 5.27% 25.71%,T5 treatment had the greatest effect on the average root diameter.After planting for 10 days,the p H of CK soil was 8.15,the difference of T1 soil p H was not significant,and the decrease of T2-T5 soil p H was between 1.01% 1.30%,there was no significant difference between T2-T5 treatments and had the greatest impact on soil p H.After 20 days of planting,the p H of CK soil was 8.24,and the p H of T1-T5 soil decreased by 1.48% 2.37%,there was no significant difference among T1,T2 and T5 treatments,and had the greatest impact on soil p H.After 30 days of planting,the p H of CK soil was 8.40,and the decrease of T1-T5 soil p H was between 1.26% 2.72%,T1 treatment had the greatest effect on soil p H.After planting for 10 days,CK conductivity was 71.24,and the decrease of T1-T5 soil conductivity was 5.87% 12.32%,T2 treatment had the greatest effect on soil conductivity.After 20 days of planting,CK conductivity was 72.72,and the decrease of T1-T5 soil conductivity was between 2.43% 7.14%,T5 treatment had the greatest effect on soil conductivity.After 30 days of planting,CK conductivity was 69.16,and the decrease of T1 T5 soil conductivity was 3.02% 21.23%,T1 treatment had the greatest effect on soil conductivity.After 10 days of planting,the cation exchange capacity of CK soil was 30.14 cmol· kg-1,and the cation exchange capacity of T1-T5 soil decreased by 18.79% 46.39%;after 20 days of planting,the cation exchange capacity of CK soil was 14.48 cmol· kg-1,and the cation exchange capacity of T1-T5 soil decreased by 9.57% 28.52%;after 30 days of planting,the cation exchange capacity of CK soil was 12.40 cmol · kg-1,and the cation exchange capacity of T1-T5 soil decreased by 9.20% 24.39%.The effect of T5 treatment on soil cation exchange was the largest in each period.After 10 days of planting,the organic matter of CK soil was 21.32g· kg-1,and the decrease of T1-T5 soil organic matter was 9.74% 15.03%,there was no significant difference between T1-T5 treatments and had the same effect on soil organic matter.After 20 days of planting,the organic matter of CK soil was 23.52g· kg-1,and the decrease of T1-T5 soil organic matter was 14.13% 19.56%,there was no significant difference between T1 and T2 treatments,and had the greatest impact on soil organic matter.After 30 days of planting,the organic matter of CK soil was 22.29 g · kg-1,and the decrease of T1-T5 soil organic matter was between 11.04% 19.67%,there was no significant difference between T3-T5 treatments and had the greatest impact on soil organic matter.The difference of alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen in T1-T5 soil was not significant after 10 and 20 days of planting;after 30 days of planting,the alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen of CK soil was 34.29mg· kg-1,and the alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen of T1-T5 soil decreased by 7.42% 30.77%,T1 treatment had the greatest effect on soil alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen.After planting for 10 days,the available phosphorus in CK soil was 135.18mg· kg-1,and the available phosphorus in T1-T5 soil decreased by 8.08% 31.25%,T1 treatment had the greatest effect on soil available phosphorus.After 20 days of planting,the available phosphorus in CK soil was 132.07 mg· kg-1,and the available phosphorus in T1-T5 soil decreased by 17.79% 31.24%,T3 treatment had the greatest effect on soil available phosphorus.After 30 days of planting,the available phosphorus in CK soil was 184.08mg· kg-1,and the available phosphorus in T1-T5 soil decreased by 10.38% 36.45%,there was no significant difference between T1 and T5 treatments,and had the greatest impact on soil available phosphorus.After planting for 10 days,the available potassium in CK soil was 90.80 mg· kg-1,and the available potassium in T1-T5 soil decreased by 15.66% 19.62%,there was no significant difference between T1 and T5 treatments,and had the greatest impact on soil available potassium.After 20 days of planting,the available potassium in CK soil was 83.25 mg· kg-1,and the available potassium in T1-T5 soil decreased by 7.21% 27.034%,the difference of soil available potassium between T1-T5 treatments was not significant.After 30 days of planting,the available potassium in CK soil was 77.00 mg· kg-1,and the available potassium in T1-T5 soil decreased by 15.58% 22.94%,the difference between T4 treatments was not significant,and had the greatest impact on soil available potassium.After planting for 10 days,CK soil urease was 1684.37 mg· g-1,and T1-T5 soil urease decreased by 10.26% 25.14%;after 20 days of planting,CK soil urease was 1553.39 mg· g-1,and T1-T5 soil urease decreased by 14.74% 23.16%;after 30 days of planting,CK soil urease was 1373.07 mg· g-1,and T1-T5 soil urease decreased by 6.78% 16.03%,among all treatments,T5 treatment had the greatest effect on soil urease.There was no significant difference in T1-T5 soil phosphatase after planting for 10 days,20 days and 30 days.After 10 days of planting,the catalase in CK soil was 0.24 mg· g-1,and the catalase in T1-T5 soil increased by 119.44% 209.33%,T1 treatment had the greatest effect on soil catalase.After 20 days of planting,catalase in CK soil was 0.23 mg· g-1,and catalase in T1-T5 soil increased by 67.44% 212.92%,there was no significant difference between T1 and T2 treatments,which had the greatest effect on soil catalase.After 30 days of planting,the catalase in CK soil was 0.24 mg· g-1,and the increase of catalase in T1-T5 soil was 234.96% 320.49%,there was no significant difference between T4 and T5 treatments,and had the greatest effect on soil catalase.After planting for 10 days,the invertase in CK soil was 537.17 mg· g-1,and the decrease of invertase in T1-T5 soil was 23.43% 44.31%,T5 treatment had the greatest effect on soil sucrase.After 20 days of planting,CK soil invertase was 568.04 mg· g-1,and T1-T5 soil invertase decreased by 6.08% 28.43%,There was no significant difference between T2 and T3 treatments,and had the greatest effect on soil sucrase.After 30 days of planting,CK soil invertase was 580.05 mg· g-1,and T1-T5 soil invertase decreased by 9.13% 28.91%,there was no significant difference between T2 and T3 treatments,and had the greatest effect on soil sucrase.After planting for 0~10 days,the nitrogen absorption of CK was 5.86 mg· plant-1,and the nitrogen absorption of T1-T5 plants decreased by 26.27% 49.61%,there was no significant difference between T1-T3 treatments,and it had the greatest effect on plant nitrogen absorption.After planting for 10~20 days,the nitrogen absorption of CK was 7.61 mg· plant-1,and the nitrogen absorption of T1-T5 plants decreased by 30.59% 47.30%,there was no significant difference among T2,T3 and T5 treatments,and had the greatest effect on plant nitrogen absorption.After 20~30 days of planting,the nitrogen absorption of CK was 3.40 mg· plant-1,T1 treatment decreased,T2,T3 and T5 treatment increased.After planting for 0~10 days,the phosphorus absorption of CK was 0.88 mg· plant-1,and the phosphorus absorption of T1-T5 plants decreased by 16.42% 49.07%,there was no significant difference between T1 and T2 treatments,and had the greatest effect on plant phosphorus absorption.After planting for 10~20 days,the phosphorus absorption of CK was 0.79 mg· plant-1,and the phosphorus absorption of T1-T5 plants decreased by 28.00% 41.25%,T1-T5 treatment had no significant difference and had the same effect on plant phosphorus absorption.After 20~30 days of planting,the phosphorus absorption of CK was 4.15 mg· plant-1,and the phosphorus absorption of t1-t5 plants decreased by 6.57% 31.16%,T1 treatment had the greatest effect on plant phosphorus absorption.After planting for 0~10 days,the potassium absorption of CK was 2.69 mg· plant-1,and the potassium absorption of T1-T5 plants decreased by 20.33% 51.63%,there was no significant difference between T1 and T3 treatments,and had the greatest effect on plant potassium.After planting for 10~20 days,the potassium absorption of CK was 5.97 mg· plant-1,and the potassium absorption of T1-T5 plants decreased by 36.59% 42.79%,there was no significant difference between T1-T5 treatments and had the same effect on plant potassium.After 20~30 days of planting,the potassium absorption of CK was 8.13 mg· plant-1,and the potassium absorption of T1-T5 plants decreased by 16.72% 39.37%,T1 treatment had the greatest effect on plant potassium absorption. |
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