| As an important ecological and environmental factor,light can significantly affect the morphological structure and physiological characteristics of plants,thereby affecting the growth and development.In order to reveal the response characteristics of ginger to light,this paper took ’Shannong No.1’ ginger as the test material,and further studied the effects of light intensity and light quality on the growth and some physiological metabolism of ginger by combining field and indoor experiments.Influence.The main findings are as follows:1.The plant height,stem diameter,branch number and leaf area of ginger treated with 40%shading in the field increased by 44.09%,44.58%,30.38% and 32.96% respectively compared with those without shading;the fresh weight of leaves,stems and rhizomes increased by 27.23%respectively.%,31.06%,25.05%,which were related to the up-regulation of gibberellin signal transduction transcription factor PIF4 by shade,which increased the level of gibberellin.The yield of ginger treated with shading increased by 23.80% compared with that without shading,but the content of ginger oil extracted from rhizomes was reduced by 33.20% compared with that without shading.Keto synthase and curcumin synthase were significantly down-regulated.Shading is not conducive to the improvement and accumulation of ginger rhizome ginger oil extraction and functional components.2.The contents of chlorophyll and carotenoid in ginger leaves treated with 40% shading increased by 16.60% and 23.25%,respectively,compared with those treated with no shading.At 11:00,the net photosynthetic rate increased by 20.08%,and at 13:00,the net photosynthetic rate increased by 38.51%.Fm and Fv/Fm increased by 46.15% and 21.03%,respectively,and Y（NO）decreased by 34.75%,which weakened the light inhibition,indicating that shading treatment enhanced the photosynthetic performance of ginger leaves and alleviated the strong light stress.Further research found that shading treatment thickened the chloroplast grana lamella and slowed down chloroplast senescence.The shading treatment promoted the synthesis and accumulation of starch granules.3.The net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,and water use efficiency were increased by 18.92%,8.42%,and 18.4% respectively at 11:00 in the field supplemented with LED green light,and at 13:00,the net photosynthetic rate,Fv/ Fm,Y（II）,and q P were increased by 28.18%,2.44%,6.90%,and 4.74%,respectively.The degree of photosynthetic lunch break was low,which promoted photosynthesis.Compared with the natural light in the field,in the OJIP curve of supplemented green light,ΔK-band<0,ΔJ-band<0,and the electron transfer is smooth.4.Compared with the white light treatment,the net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance of ginger leaves treated with indoor LED white light supplemented with green light increased by 44.44% and 13.16%,respectively,and Fv/Fm and Y（Ⅱ）increased by 1.62%and 14.22%,respectively.Y（NO）decreased by 3.49%;the activities of SOD,POD,and CAT in shading treated leaves increased by 5.71%,24.29%,and 10.46%,respectively,and the contents of MDA and H2O2 decreased by 29.35% and 12.65%,respectively,indicating strong antioxidant capacity..5.The plant height,branch number and leaf area of ginger treated with green film mulching in the field increased by 40.32%,36.01% and 26.52%,respectively,and the fresh weight of leaves,stems and rhizomes increased by 32.68% and 31.53%,respectively,compared with ordinary colorless film.,30.23%,and the yield increased by 27.50%,which was related to the fact that green film coverage enhanced the expression of gibberellin 2-β-dioxygenase 1 and endo-kauri oxidase 2,the key genes of gibberellin biosynthesis pathway,to promote the growth of ginger.There was no significant difference in ginger oil content in ginger rhizomes between the two treatments,but there were significant differences in components,and the spicy components increased,which may be related to the different expression levels of key genes involved in the synthesis of related components.6.The chloroplast grana lamella of ginger leaves covered with green film was thicker,the content of chlorophyll a was increased by 13.21%,and the leaf surface was covered with a lot of wax powder.The diurnal variation of the net photosynthetic rate of ginger leaves showed a bimodal curve.At the peak at 11:00 and 15:00,the net photosynthetic rate of the green film mulching treatment increased by 5.47% and 3.06%,respectively,compared with the colorless film,and at the trough at 13:00 noon It increased by 9.58%.Further research found that green film mulching treatment up-regulated five genes related to Psa F and Psa O in photosystem I,Psb Q in photosystem II,and Pet E and Pet F in the process of photosynthetic electron transfer.Green film mulching had a positive effect on ginger photosynthesis. |
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