| The Sixth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee proposed to"strengthen the protection and restoration of ecosystems,and adhere to the integrated protection and systematic control of mountains,water,forests,fields,lakes,grasses and sands".The restoration of vegetation and development of forest industry in karst areas is an important part of rock desertification control,and forestry is essential for the balance of ecological and economic benefits of rock desertification control.According to the scientific and technological needs of weak stability of forest ecosystem and difficulty in quantitative accounting of ecosystem service function value after the control of karstic rock desertification in southern China,the research areas of Bijie Salaxi,Guanling-Zhenfeng Huajiang and Shibing Karst,which represent the general structure of southern karst ecology and economy,were selected in the highland mountainous region of Guizhou from 2019 to 2022 through field monitoring and indoor experiments of 33 experimental sample sites,using market value method,shadow engineering method,alternative engineering method and correlation,principal component,redundancy analysis and other research methods to conduct a series of studies on accounting for forest ecological assets,ecological assets influence factors,and ecological product supply capacity enhancement strategies for rock desertification control.The current situation of forest ecological asset value in rock desertification control is clarified,the influencing factors of forest ecological assets are revealed,and the strategy of forest ecological product supply capacity enhancement is proposed,which provides scientific and technological references for the sustainable development of forest ecosystem in karst rock desertification control and the construction of harmonious human-land relationship.（1）The direct and indirect values of forest ecological assets for rock desertification control were accounted for,and the value of forest ecological assets was mainly contributed by indirect values,with direct values accounting for a little portion,while indirect values were mainly contributed by conservation forests.The indirect value of ecological assets per unit area of conservation forests in Bijie study area(RMB 280,800·hm-2)was the highest,followed by Juglans sigillata Dode(RMB 100,200·hm-2)and the lowest by Rosa roxburghii.(RMB 60,300·hm-2);the indirect value of ecological assets per unit area of conservation forests in Huajiang study area(RMB 252,200·hm-2)was also the highest,and the economic forest ranking was Juglans sigillata Dode(RMB 101,200·hm-2)>Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim.(RMB 87,200·hm-2)>Prunus salicina Linn.(RMB 76,200·hm-2)>Eriobotrya(RMB 66,100·hm-2);Shibing study area is the largest indirect value per unit area of conservation forests(RMB 291,100·hm-2),followed by Amygdalus(RMB 90,500·hm-2),and the lowest Pyrus(RMB 78,900·hm-2).The value of timber and fruit products of forests accounts for a little proportion of ecological assets,and it is the intangible service functions such as water conservation,water purification,soil fertility maintenance,and carbon sequestration and oxygen release,which are ignored by most people,that are the main contributors to ecological assets,based on which the influencing factors of forest ecological assets are explored.（2）The influencing factors and driving processes of forest ecological assets were elucidated:among the soil physicochemical properties,all physicochemical factors were positively correlated with water conservation and maintenance of soil fertility value,except for the negative correlation between soil capacity and water conservation and maintenance of soil fertility value;among the plant functional traits,tree height,crown width and net photosynthetic rate were highly indicative of forest ecological assets.The results of all three study areas showed that soil capacity was negatively correlated with forest ecological assets,while most other soil physical and chemical factors were positively correlated with ecological assets,and the higher the content of soil nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium and organic matter,the higher the value of maintaining and increasing soil fertility.Plant height and canopy area have a better indicator effect on forest ecological assets.In the karst plateau mountain environment,total phosphorus in litter,leaf dry matter content and net photosynthetic rate can better indicate forest ecological assets;in the plateau valley environment,total phosphorus in litter,total nitrogen in litter and leaf dry matter content are the main indicators of forest ecological assets;while in the plateau trough environment,net photosynthetic rate,specific leaf area and total nitrogen in litter are In the plateau valley environment,net photosynthetic rate,specific leaf area and total leaf nitrogen were the main indicators of ecological assets.The differences in the factors influencing forest ecological assets in different karst landscape types suggest that the combination of asset traits can be driven to construct and optimize forest communities,thereby increasing the value of forest ecological assets.（3）The strategy of optimizing the allocation of forest ecological assets and improving the supply capacity of ecological products in rock desertification control is proposed:the main purpose of conservation forest is to protect and avoid human destruction,while plantation forest should select tree species that can balance ecological and economic benefits,and allocate different forest types according to regional development needs.The study of forest ecological product supply capacity is to solve the contradiction between the population growth and the relatively limited productivity of forest resources in karst rock desertification areas,to improve the forest ecological product supply capacity and to maintain its dynamic balance,in order to provide scientific and technological support for the sustainable development of forest ecosystems in karst rock desertification control. |
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