The Impact Of Land Use On Public Health

Building a "healthy China" is one of the important goals for current China’s economic and social development.At present,cancer is a disease that affects large populations;it has become a public health issue,which is increasingly appearing in the people’s line of sight.However,the occurrence and development of cancer could be a complex scientific problem,and the relationships between various factors and cancer remain to be explored and determined.Land use as the dominant mode of human activities,which will have a significant impact on the population,economy,and environment.In this sense,land use may have the possibility of affecting public health.Thus,it is necessary to explore the impact of land use on the cancer incidence.Meanwhile,when land use affects public health,it will act on the environmental quality and affect public health.Therefore,constructing a complete analytical framework of“land use-mediated variable-public health”in this research is a must.On the basis of collating relevant literature and integrating theory with practice,this paper will firstly try to decompose land use into “construction land use” and“agricultural land use”(as two directions),and with “industrial environmental pollution” and “agricultural environmental pollution” as two mediated variables.Then,the author will construct a theoretical framework of “land use-environmental pollution-public health”(based on the above two directions respectively)and put forward corresponding hypotheses.The next chapter will adopt the state-space model,which will combine with the hypothesis of the previous chapter,to dynamically analyze the direct effects of construction land use and agricultural land use on public health as well as the indirect effects of industrial environmental pollution and agricultural environmental pollution.The last part will use mediation and the mediating effects test to respectively measure and calculate the proportions of the mediating effects of industrial and agricultural environmental pollution on public health,which are impacted by the construction land use and agricultural land use in different periods.Meanwhile,this part will provide feasible strategies for thoroughly implementing the“people-oriented” concept of land use.Specific content and key findings are as follows:This research took Xiaoshan District,Hangzhou,Zhejiang Province(from 2007 to2018)as the basic study object;this paper further took the intensity of energy consumption of construction land,the proportion of farmland circulation,the proportion of non-grain crop planting,and the proportion of non-agricultural household as four core independent variables,which were intended as the measure of construction land use and agricultural land use respectively.Moreover,the author took the incidences of esophageal carcinoma,rectal carcinoma,and breast carcinoma as three interpreted variables to measure public health;and industrial waste water emissions,industrial dust emissions,the intensity of fertilizer using,and the intensity of pesticide using were used as four mediated variables to measure industrial environmental pollution and agricultural environmental pollution respectively.Importantly,this research applied the software Eviews to determine the empirical model through three proposed inspections:they were ADF unit root test,Johansen co-integration test,and Granger causality test.Subsequently,the author took the state-space model and the model of mediating effects test in making dynamic perspectives of examining the influence path among different variables.This study found that:In terms of the influence path of “construction land use”-“industrial environmental pollution”-“public health”:(1)The intensity of energy consumption of construction land has a significant positive impact on the incidences of esophageal carcinoma,rectal carcinoma,and breast carcinoma.(2)The intensity of energy consumption of construction land also has a significant positive effect on industrial waste water emissions and industrial dust emissions.(3)Industrial waste water emissions are positively correlated with the incidences of esophageal carcinoma;while industrial dust emissions are significantly positive correlative with the incidences of esophageal carcinoma,rectal carcinoma,and breast carcinoma.(4)Industrial waste water emissions play a significant mediating effect between the intensity of energy consumption of construction land and the incidences of esophageal cancer.Industrial dust emissions as an important mediator has impacts on the relationship between the intensity of energy consumption of construction land and the incidences of esophageal carcinoma,rectal carcinoma,and breast carcinoma.In terms of the influence path of “agricultural land use”-“agricultural environmental pollution”-“public health”:(1)The intensity of fertilizer using is positively correlated with the incidences of esophageal carcinoma,rectal carcinoma,while the intensity of pesticide using is significantly positive correlative with the incidences of esophageal carcinoma.(2)The proportion of farmland circulation is negatively correlated with the intensity of fertilizer using,the proportion of non-grain crop planting has a significant positive impact on the intensity of fertilizer using and pesticide using.And the proportion of non-agricultural household is positively correlated with the intensity of fertilizer using.(3)The proportion of farmland circulation and the proportion of non-grain crop planting are significantly positive correlative with the incidences of esophageal carcinoma,while the proportion of non-agricultural household is positively correlated with the incidences of esophageal carcinoma and rectal carcinoma.(4)The intensity of fertilizer using plays a significant mediating effect among the proportion of farmland circulation,the proportion of non-grain crop planting,the proportion of non-agricultural household and the incidences of esophageal carcinoma.The intensity of fertilizer using also as a key mediator has impacts on the relationship between the proportion of non-agricultural household and the incidences of rectal carcinoma,while the intensity of pesticide using plays a significant mediating effect between the proportion of non-grain crop planting and the incidences of esophageal carcinoma.In conclusion,combined with the content of the theoretical framework,this paper attempted to make a detailed analysis of the state-space model and the empirical results of the mediating effects test,while following the concept of “people-oriented” of land use.The author also put forward proposed deficiency and prospects based on her research findings,with a view to promoting new urbanization,industrialization,and agricultural modernization as well as keeping sustainable development between human being and nature.