The Effect Of Soy Isoflavone On Fatty Acid Metabolism In Visceral Adipose Tissue Of Diet-Induced Obese Rats

Object In recent years,the global pandemic trend of obesity has attracted people’s attention.Soy isoflavones(SIF)are widely reported as legumes beneficial to obesity,but its specific mechanism is not clear.This study intends to explore the effect of soy isoflavones on fatty acid metabolism in visceral adipose tissue via intervention of soy isoflavones.Methods 100 male sprague-dawley(SD)rats were randomly divided into basic diet group(Control group,CTR group,n=16)and high-fat diet group(DIO group,n=64).These rats received high-fat diet(HFD)intervention for 9 weeks to induce obesity.DIO rats were then randomly divided into 4 groups(n=16/group),which were divided into obese control group(OB)and low,medium and high dose daidzein group(LSI,MSI,HSI).Different doses of soy isoflavones were added to feed for 4 weeks.During the period,the weight,food intake and blood lipids were tested.After soy isoflavones intervention,the rats were killed and collected visceral fat(mesenteric,epididymal,and perirenal fat)and weighed.The obtained materials were used for subsequent morphological staining and metabolic studies.Furthermore,3T3-L1 cells was cultured in vitro for validation of in vivo experimental results and exploration of metabolic mechanisms.Results After soybean isoflavone intervention,the weight and hyperlipidemia of obese rats were significantly reduced.At the same time,there was no significant difference in the weekly food intake of each group of rats.Soyb isoflavones also showed the ability to reduce visceral fat weight.Histological staining showed that soy isoflavones significantly improved visceral adipocyte hypertrophy and inhibited lipid accumulation in DIO rats.Furthermore,the common components of soybean isoflavones,daidzein and genistein,could also inhibit the lipid accumulation process after 3T3-L1 cells differentiation.The results showed that soybean isoflavones could inhibit the transcription and protein expression of enzymes related to lipid synthesis and promote the transcription and protein expression of hydrolase genes.Meanwhile,in vitro experiments further verified the results in vivo.Further studies have shown that soy isoflavones regulate lipid synthesis through AMPK/SREBP-1c pathway.Conclusions Soybean isoflavones can improve visceral fatty acid metabolism in obese male rats,which is manifested as weight loss,visceral adipocyte area reduction,inhibition of visceral fat synthesis and accelerated fat hydrolysis.At the same time,soy isoflavones can inhibit lipid synthesis through AMPK/SREBP-1c pathway.In conclusion,soy isoflavones have the potential to regulate lipid metabolism in visceral adipose tissue and benefit the treatment of obesity.