| With the development of increasing aging population,the decline in health of elderly people has caused a dramatic increase on healthcare utilization,so our country has also entered a peak period of healthcare utilization.In order to achieve the goals of "Healthy China" and "National health" with improving the health quality and the level of the our nation and people,it is particularly important to understand and explore the influencing factors that affect the healthcare utilization.Based on the background,the paper takes early-life famine exposure as one of the factors affecting the healthcare utilization to study the relationship between the early-life famine exposure and the healthcare utilization.Firstly,this paper puts forward the research background and theme,research purpose and significance,research content,method and innovation.Next,the related literatures are sorted out and classified from two aspects: the long-term impact of early-life famine exposure and the factors of healthcare utilization.By summarizing the existing studies,the paper find most of literatures only consider the long-term impact of early-life famine exposure and the factors of healthcare utilization separately.Therefore,combining early-life famine exposure with healthcare utilization is the innovation of the paper.In addition,in order to understand the causes,results and regional differences of the great famine in my country from 1959 to 1961,the third chapter gives a more comprehensive explanation and reasons why I use the famine event as my paper’s theme.Then,based on Andersen’s theoretical model of health utilization,the paper makes the hypothesis of the impact of early-life famine exposure on health utilization.It also explained the data selection criteria in detail.Finally,In the process of empirical analysis,this paper mainly uses the data of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)to screen out respondents who were born in rural areas from 1956 to 1965 and takes the into the Differences-in-Differences model in order to analyze the data characteristics and results of the early-life famine exposure on the healthcare utilization.Considering the results may be biased,the data is further analyzed to confirm the results are robust.The results draw the following conclusions:(1)Generally speaking,the effect of early famine exposure on healthcare utilization is not very significant,but it still has an impact on some indicators,such as outpatient,inpatient survice and so on.(2)Specifically,people who have early-life famine exposure experience tend to use more healthcare utilization than those who have not.The groups which borns before the famine(1-3 years old)is more affected by it,and they are more likely to increase the healthcare utilization;(3)Early-life famine exposure also has a certain impact on the expenses of healthcare utilization,especially for those born before the famine In other words,the outpatient utilization shows higher total and out-of-pocket expenses,but it shows an insignificant impact on the outpatient and inpatient times;(4)Male and female groups are affected differently by the famine.And the intensity and direction are also different.The male group is more significantly affected by the early-life famine exposure in some indictors,and the indicators are also more;(5)The long-term impact of the early-life famine exposure on the healthcare utilization may be finally affect the healthcare utilization by firstly influencing physical and psychological development and then influencing behavioral performance.Finally,this paper summarizes the results,puts forward relevant policy recommendations for further improving the healthcare utilization and reducing the expenses,gives the shortcomings of the paper and makes a prospect. |
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