Research On The Poverty Reduction Effect Of Basic Medical Insurance For Urban And Rural Residents From The Perspective Of Relative Poverty

Against the background is still arduous that the task of poverty reduction in all countries around the world,China has won a great victory to overcome poverty and contributed useful experience to other countries.However,eradicating poverty absolutely and achieving overall prosperity are not the end of poverty alleviation.The problem of relative poverty will remain chronically with China’s primary stage of socialism.Therefore,alleviating relative poverty and preventing returning to poverty has become a new bottom line task in China,as well as a development goal for the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy and the urbanrural integration strategy.There are many factors that lead families to fall into relative poverty.But the disease risk is a factor that can not be ignored in leading urban and rural families to become or return to poverty.It is difficult to resist the risk of serious disease for the vulnerable groups with insufficient endogenous development ability and relying on government subsidies to ensure their livelihood.As an effective and long-term guarantee mechanism in China’s poverty reduction,the basic medical insurance system meets the basic medical needs of urban and rural poor people and reduces the probability of this group falling into relative poverty to a certain extent.Therefore,exploring the poverty reduction effect of this system from the perspective of relative poverty is not only conducive to the improvement of the medical security system,but also accelerate the process of eliminating relative poverty in China.This paper selects four phases of data from CFPS database from 2012 to 2018,takes families as the research object,uses probit model and two-way fixed effect model to assess the poverty reduction effect of basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents from the perspective of relative poverty,and uses replacement model,replacement threshold and other methods to test the robustness.Moreover,this paper selects it as intermediary variables that "family non-medical consumption expenditure" and "family formal medical treatment behavior" and uses stepwise regression coefficient method and structural equation method to test the intermediary effect,and explores the poverty reduction mechanism of basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents.Finally,an interactive item is constructed to evaluate the benefit differences of families in different regions and different demographic characteristics in the process of poverty reduction of basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents.The results show that:（1）Basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents can reduce,to a certain extent,the incidence of relative poverty in urban and rural families.（2）Basic medical insurance improves the relative poverty of families by affecting family non-medical consumption expenditure and the utilization rate of formal medical services.（3）As for the poverty reduction effect of basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents,there is a significant heterogeneity in different income classes and families in different regions.Based on the results,this paper puts forward the following suggestions:first,establish a clear measure of relative poverty.The measurement standard of relative poverty should be formulated according to China’s national conditions and major social contradictions,comprehensively consider China’s urban-rural differences and regional differences,and formulate the measurement standard of relative poverty at different levels and subregions.Second,to accelerate the overall planning of medical insurance for urban and rural residents,and comprehensively build a medical security system with Chinese characteristics with wide coverage,high degree of universal benefit and strong guarantee.Third,to promote the construction of China’s medical system with the principle of equality and to achieve medical and health services in different regions.