| Objective:Follow-up of clinical characteristics,chest imaging,lung function,hematocyte factors and antibodies 1 year after discharge of COVID-19 patients to improve the understanding of long-term outcomes of COVID-19 patients and identify factors that predict disease outcomes.Methods:Follow-up Of 43 local discharged COVID-19 patients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College from January 28 to March 14,2020.Follow-up data of 28 patients with COVID-19 1 year after discharge were analyzed,including those who could not complete the follow-up study due to lost follow-up,inability to return visit due to illness,and refusal to join the study were excluded.According to the difference in lung inflammation absorption of covid-19 patients who were followed up one year after discharge（CT quantitative analysis）,they were divided into two groups: good absorption group（group A: 12 patients in this group were completely absorbed）and poor absorption group（group B: 16 patients in this group still had some residual lung lesions）.T-test or χ 2.The epidemiological characteristics,accompanying basic diseases,symptoms,biochemical indicators,cytokines,antibodies,imaging and pulmonary function were analyzed.Results:Twenty of the 28 recovered COVID-19 patients（71.43）were from the severe group,of which 14 were distributed in the malabsorption group [A 6/12（50.00%）vs B14/16（87.50%）,P < 0.05].Among the 28 patients,1 patient had obvious sequelae 1 year after acute infection,and 7 patients（25.00%）had impaired lung function（6 patients from group B and 1 patient from group A）.All patients had residual lung lesions at discharge,but the difference between groups was not statistically significant（P>0.05）.At the last follow-up,the total volume of residual lung lesions in group B was higher than that in group A [A（0.00±0.00）vs B（14.54±22.51）,P < 0.05].The D-Dimer of patients in both groups remained at A high level during the follow-up period,and there was A significant difference between the two groups at discharge [A（0.72±0.57）vs B（2.57±1.28）,P < 0.05].At the last follow-up,there was still difference between the two groups [A（0.82±0.68）vs B（3.01±1.53）,P < 0.05].PCT of procalcitonin [A（1.10±0.28）vs B（2.55±1.29）,P < 0.05] and CRP of C-reactive protein [A（1.10±0.28）vs B（2.55±1.29）,P < 0.05] were significantly different between the two groups at discharge.During the follow-up,CRP and PCT decreased gradually,and returned to normal level at the last follow-up.There was no difference between CRP and PCT groups at each follow-up node（P>0.05）.The serum levels of 24 cytokines were decreased during the follow-up,but there was no significant difference between groups（P>0.05）.The positive rate of Ig G antibody in group A was 91.67% at discharge and 100.00% at 30 days.The positive rate of group B fluctuated 87.50-100.00% during the 1-year followup.Ig M antibody positive rate decreased gradually from 83.33%（at discharge）to 0.00%（at 1-year follow-up）in group A and from 75.00%（at discharge）to 12.50%（at 1-year follow-up）in group B.There was no significant difference in Ig G/Ig M antibody positive rate between the two groups at each follow-up node（P>0.05）.Conclusion:In the convalescence period,the symptoms of COVID-19 patients were mild,cytokines and most biochemical indicators returned to normal,Ig G antibody titer continues to rise,and a few patients had residual lesions in imaging,lung function injury,and d-D dimer high,which may be related to the abnormal immune function of patients,and the long-term prognosis needs further follow-up. |
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