| Objective:To investigate the effect of ultrashort wave on inflammatory response of lipopolysaccharide induced acute lung injury in rats,and to explore the possible mechanism of ultrashort wave in acute lung injury based on macrophage polarization.Methods:24 male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group(Ctrl group),ALI group,and USW group(n=8).Acute lung injury was induced(ALI and USW group)by instilled LPS into the trachea.The rats in the USW group were treated with ultrashort wave of 7.37 m and40.68 MHz at 0 h,4 h,and 8 h after a single intratracheal instillation of LPS,and each time for 15 minutes.Histopathological examination,wet/dry(W/D)weight ratio,enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kit,quantitative Real-time PCR and western blot analysis were performed to evaluate the degree of lung injury and determine the phenotype of macrophage.Results:1.HE staining and Semiquantitative scoring: The lung tissue structure of the Ctrl group was basically intact.Compared with the Ctrl group,the alveolar structure in ALI group was destroyed,the alveolar wall was thickened,and inflammatory cells were infiltrated,and the semiquantitative scoring in the ALI group was significantly higher than that in the Ctrl group(P<0.001).In addition,LPS-induced pathological damage of lung tissue was improved after USW treatment.The lung injury score in the USW group was lower than that in the ALI group,but there was no significant differences between the two groups(P>0.05).2.W/D ratio of lung tissue: the lung W/D ratio in ALI group was significantly higher than that in Ctrl group(P<0.001).The lung W/D ratio in the USW group was lower than that in the ALI group,but the difference between the two group had no statistically significant(P>0.05).3.ELISA: Compared with the Ctrl group,serum TNF-α and IL-1βlevels in ALI group were significantly increased(both P<0.001),and serum TNF-α and IL-1β levels in USW group were significantly decreased(P<0.01,P<0.05 respectively)compared with ALI group.Compared with the Ctrl group,TGF-β and IL-10 levels in ALI group were significantly decreased(P<0.001,P<0.05 respectively),However,TGF-β and IL-10 levels in USW group were not significantly different from those in ALI group(both P>0.05).4.Compared with the Ctrl group,the m RNA levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in ALI group were significantly increased(both P<0.001),and the m RNA levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in USW group were significantly decreased compared with ALI group(both P<0.05).Compared with the Ctrl group,MR and Arg1 m RNA levels were significantly decreased in ALI group(P<0.001,P<0.01 respectively).Compared with ALI group,the expression level of Arg1 m RNA in USW group was significantly increased(P<0.05).The expression level of MR m RNA had a tendency to increase,but there were no statistically significant(P>0.05).5.Compared with the Ctrl group,the protein expression levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in ALI group were significantly increased(both P<0.001),and the protein expression levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in USW group were significantly decreased compared with ALI group(both P<0.001).Compared with the Ctrl group,the expression levels of Arg1 and MR proteins were significantly decreased in ALI group(both P<0.001).The expression level of MR protein in USW group was significantly higher than that in ALI group(P<0.01),and the expression level of Arg1 protein in USW group tended to be higher than that in ALI group,but there was no significant difference(P>0.05).Conclusion:Ultrashort wave may be through inhibiting the polarization of lung macrophages to M1 and promoting the polarization of macrophages to M2,to ameliorate the local inflammatory microenvironment of lung and alleviate lipopolysaccharide induced acute lung injury in rats. |
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