| Objective:To understand the dietary nutritional status of newly treated pulmonary tuberculosis patients in a hospital in Xinjiang after the implementation of standardized diet,and to analyze the related factors affecting the low weight malnutrition of newly treated pulmonary tuberculosis patients,so as to lay a foundation for providing targeted dietary guidance for newly treated pulmonary tuberculosis patients.Methods:A total of 415 newly treated pulmonary tuberculosis patients who were admitted to a designated hospital in Xinjiang from December 2019 to September 2020 were selected as the research objects according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria by using cluster sampling method.The subjects were surveyed face to face by using general information questionnaire,food frequency questionnaire and 24-hour dietary review questionnaire.SPSS25.0 statistical software was used for statistical description,chi-square test and multivariate Logistic regression analysis.Results:1.Dietary intake of patients initially treated with pulmonary nodules:(1)The Dietary Diversity Score(DDS)of pulmonary tuberculosis patients is(5.02±1.614),and 329(79.28%)of the subjects have inadequate Dietary Diversity.There were 86 respondents(20.72%)who had sufficient intake of dietary categories,and 242 respondents(58.3%)consumed food categories from 4 to 6 in one week.(2)The consumption rate of cereals,tubers and oils was 100%,and the consumption rate of livestock and poultry meat was 84.3%,while the consumption rate of fish,shrimp and beans was only 3.6% and 3.4%.(3)Dietary survey,24 hours a day early in patients with tuberculosis treated average manganese Intake for(217.21 mg/d),phosphorus(723.53mg/d),Intake levels than the corresponding Recommended Nutrient Intake(RNI),other energy substances(carbohydrate,lipid,protein,vitamins and minerals is generally lower than85%,the Vit A,Vit B2 and Vit C,the Ca and zinc accounts for no more than 50% RNI.2.Status of low body weight and malnutrition in newly treated pulmonary tuberculosis patients and its influencing factors: The incidence of low weight malnutrition was 44.34% in patients with newly treated tuberculosis.Univariate analysis showed that gender,age,education level,residence,family size,labor intensity,family monthly income,drinking status,complications,DDS score,type of medication and clinical symptoms had statistical significance(P<0.05).Multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that age was greater than or equal to 60 years old(OR=6.448,95%CI=2.951～14.090),alcohol consumption(OR=5.308,95%CI=1.836～15.346),complications(OR=1.351,95%CI=1.215～1.947),drug use was a combination of four preparations(OR=1.405,95%CI= 1.440～2.483),clinical symptoms were more than 5(OR=1.420,95%CI=1.228～1.773)was a risk factor for low body weight malnutrition.High income(OR=0.242,95%CI=0.082～0.711)and adequate dietary diversification(OR=0.490,95%CI=0.223～1.079)were protective factors for low body weight malnutrition.Conclusion:1.The dietary diversity level of newly treated pulmonary tuberculosis patients is low,the dietary structure is single,the daily energy and most of the micronutrient intake is insufficient,the medical staff should pay attention to their nutritional status,early nutritional risk assessment and screening,and provide food with insufficient nutrient intake as needed.2.The low body weight and malnutrition status of newly treated tuberculosis patients is not optimistic,and age,alcohol consumption,complications,income,dietary diversity,type of drugs taken,and clinical symptoms are the influencing factors.According to the above influencing factors,medical staff can prevent or slow down the occurrence and development of low weight malnutrition in patients with newly treated tuberculosis by controlling the amount of alcohol patients drink,timely handling complications,ensuring dietary diversification,rationally formulating drug use plans,and intervening in the form of pain care to increase patients’ comfort. |
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