A Survey Of Anxiety/Depression In Patients With Essential Hypertension

Objective To investigate the incidence of anxiety/depression status and related psychological risk factors in patients with essential hypertension(EH)so as to provide basis for clinical intervention and treatment.Methods A total of 200 patients with essential hypertension registered in the Department of Cardiology(Hypertension)of the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University from November 2019 to November 2020 were selected as subjects.The self-made scale,Patient health questionnaire-9(PHQ-9)and Generalized anxiety disorder-7(GAD-7)were used to evaluate the psychological status and collect the general clinical data of the patients with Hypertension.Results1.A total of 200 patients with EH were included in this study,including 128males(64.0%)and 72 females(36.0%),with an average age of(53.08 ±13.43)years.The incidence of anxiety,depression and anxiety combined with depression was 29.5%,36.5% and 16.0%,respectively.For those with grade 3 hypertension,the occurrence of the above three mental states was 37.3%,42.0% and 21.4%,respectively,which was higher than that of patients with grade 1 and 2.2.Through single factor correlation analysis showed that the grade of hypertension was positively correlated with the scores of PHQ-9 and GAD-7.The higher the grade of blood pressure,the higher the score of psychological evaluation scale.3.Multivariate Logistic regression and ROC curve analysis showed that poor blood pressure control,PHQ-9 score≥3.5 were independent risk factors for anxiety.Low education level,frequent insomnia,high heart rate and diabetes,and GAD-7 score≥3.5 were independent risk factors for depression.Divorce or widowhood,high blood pressure grade,poor blood pressure control,frequent insomnia and dyslipidemia were independent risk factors for anxiety and depression.4.The sensitivity and specificity of PHQ-9 score≥3.5 in predicting anxiety state were83.1% and 70.9%,respectively,and the youden index was 0.540;similarly,the sensitivity and specificity of GAD-7 score≥3.5 in predicting depression were also high,91.8% and 71.7%,respectively,and youden index was 0.635.Conclusion1.In this study,the incidence of anxiety,depression and anxiety combined with depression in patients with EH was higher.The higher the blood pressure grade,the more serious the degree of anxiety and depression.2.Low education level,divorce or widowhood,frequent insomnia,high heart rate,high blood pressure grade,poor blood pressure control,diabetes and dyslipidemia are closely related to anxiety/depression in patients with EH.The scores of PHQ-9 and GAD-7 are of high value in the evaluation of depression and anxiety in patients with EH.