| China became an aging country in 2002.By the end of 2020,the number of elderly people aged 65 or above in China had reached 190 million,accounting for 13.5% of the total population,making it the country with the largest number of elderly people in the world,and the aging rate is among the highest in the world.At the same time,the social pension burden continues to increase,the family size presents a general trend of fewer children,miniaturization,family pension function gradually weakened,the traditional family pension model suffered a strong blow.With the development of economy and the improvement of medical level,the elderly is no longer satisfied with the needs of material and physical health and believe that the satisfaction of mental health and spiritual needs is equally important.In the process of promoting healthy aging,the issue of mental care for the elderly has received more attention from all aspects of society.Research on the mental health of the elderly has become a key issue in all aging countries around the world.By studying intergenerational support behaviors that are beneficial to the mental health of the elderly,the quality of family intergenerational support can be further improved,and effective suggestions can be provided for solving intergenerational support and meeting the spiritual needs of the elderly,which has strong practical significance.This thesis adopts a combination of qualitative research and quantitative research.The qualitative research selected the sequential interview method to conduct in-depth interviews with five elderly people from different provinces and cities.Learn about their life experiences,whether their children are filial and filial,whether intergenerational relationships are harmonious,and the specific intergenerational support their children provide to the elderly.Summarize the impact of financial support,life care support,and mental comfort support behaviors on the mental health of the elderly,provide a basis for proposing subsequent research hypotheses.The quantitative study is based on the CLHLS data released in 2018,based on urban-rural differences and regional differences,using an ordered logistic model.Analyze the impact of three intergenerational support behaviors of children’s financial support,life care support and spiritual comfort support on the mental health of the elderly.The findings are as follows :（1）All three aspects of intergenerational support have significant positive effects on the mental health of older adults across the whole sample.（2）From the comparison of rural and urban samples,economic support has a greater impact on the rural elderly;Sickness care in the life care support has a greater impact on the urban elderly.Spiritual consolation support has a significant positive effect on the rural elderly but has no significant effect on the urban elderly.（3）Samples from the eastern,central and western regions by contrast,economic sources of financial support for the western region the influence degree of the elderly is bigger,to the eastern region to the old is small,the influence of economic sufficiency for the western region the influence degree of the elderly is larger,the influence of the central parts of the old is small;Sill care in life care support has a greater impact on the elderly in the central region,but a smaller impact on the elderly in the western region,and seeking help has a greater impact on the elderly in the western region,but a smaller impact on the elderly in the eastern region.The daily chatting aspect of spiritual consolation support has a greater influence on the elderly in the eastern region,but a smaller influence on the elderly in the central region.The heart telling aspect has a greater influence on the elderly in the western region,a smaller influence on the elderly in the eastern region.Based on the above-mentioned research findings,combined with the important role of family care for the elderly,relevant suggestions are made for family care for the elderly from three aspects: economy,life care,and emotion.In terms of economy,it is recommended to formulate tax incentives and pension subsidy policies.The government can formulate preferential policies for children’s health expenditures for the elderly and establish individualized subsidy policies for the elderly and special elderly groups in economically underdeveloped areas.In terms of living care,it is recommended to optimize the social salary and nursing insurance system,introduce filial piety leave and patronage leave,and encourage children to provide living care support to the elderly.In terms of emotions,it is recommended to encourage children to provide emotional support to the elderly and contact their parents through telephone,We Chat,video chat and other methods when not at home.Know the life and physical condition of parents in time to relieve the depression and anxiety of the elderly. |
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