Clinical Features Of Combine Pulmonary Fibrosis And Emphysema Syndrome And Related Risk Factors Of Respiratory Failure

Objective:The clinical features of CPFE syndrome were summarized by analyzing the general data,laboratory examination,pulmonary function test,chest HRCT and other characteristics of CPFE syndrome patients.At the same time,the general data,laboratory examination,pulmonary function test and other differences of CPFE patients with respiratory failure were compared,and the risk factors of respiratory failure were analyzed.Methods:In this study,all data and information were retrospective patient records,and the clinical data of 70 patients with CPFE syndrome were analyzed to summarize the clinical characteristics of CPFE syndrome,including general situation,clinical manifestations,laboratory examination,cardiac color ultrasound,pulmonary function and chest HRCT.According to the presence of respiratory failure,70 patients were divided into CPHE combined with respiratory failure（CPFE-RF）group（n = 20）and CPFE alone group（n = 50）.Statistical software IBM SPSS 25.0 was used to compare and analyze the differences in clinical data of patients in the two groups,such as length of stay,age,gender,body mass index,smoking index,laboratory tests,pulmonary function test,etc.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was performed.Smoking index,CRP,NT-PROBNP,D-D,FBG,DLCO% PRED and pulmonary hypertension levels were adjusted to screen out independent risk factors of CPFE complicated with respiratory failure.Results:1.Among the 70 patients included,53 were male and 17 were female,with an average age of 64.24±8.303 years,67 had smoking history,and 55（78.6%）had exertional dyspnea.Pulmonary function showed diffuse dysfunction in 70 cases,of which 54 were moderate to severe.On chest HRCT,pulmonary fibrosis mainly showed meshlike,honeycombed,ground glass shadow,interlobular septal thickening and tractive bronchiectasis.Emphysema is common in paraspinal emphysema.There were 13 cases of CPFE complicated with pulmonary hypertension,including 1 severe case,4 moderate cases and 8 mild cases.10 cases of lung cancer were diagnosed,including 5 cases of small cell lung cancer,3 cases of squamous cell carcinoma and 2cases of adenocarcinoma.2.There were 20 cases in CPFE-RF group and 50 cases in CPFE group.There were statistically significant differences in smoking index,D-D,FBG,CRP,NT-PRO BNP,DLCO% PRED,DLCO/VA and pulmonary hypertension between the two groups（P<0.05）.3.Smoking index and DLCO% PRED were independent risk factors for pulmonary interstitial fibrosis combined with emphysema（P<0.05）.Conclusion:1.CPFE syndrome is common in elderly men who smoke.The main symptoms are exertive dyspnea and obvious hypoxemia on arterial blood gas analysis.Pulmonary function showed obvious diffuse dysfunction.2.Smoking index,CRP,NT-PRO BNP,D-D,FBG,DLCO% PRED and pulmonary hypertension were risk factors of CPFE syndrome complicated with respiratory failure,while smoking index and DLCO% PPRED were independent risk factors of CPFE syndrome complicated with respiratory failure.