A Study On Mental Health Status Of Primary School Students And Their Parents During The Coronavirus Disease 2019 Epidemic

Objective:To study the mental health status of primary school students during the coronavirus disease 2019（COVID-19）epidemic,and to compare the differences in the mental health status of primary school students during the epidemic period and the regular epidemic prevention and control period.To analyzes the relevant factors that affect the mental health of primary school students during the epidemic,and to explores the correlation between the mental health of parents and their children’s mental health during the epidemic.In order to provide a scientific basis for protecting the physical and mental health of primary school students and preventing and treating related physical and mental problems in the event of public health emergencies.Methods:In this study,convenience sampling method was used to conduct online questionnaire surveys on primary school students aged 6-12 and their guardians in Jilin Province from April 1st to 30 th,2020,and from September 1st to 30 th,2020,respectively.The questionnaire included general information,Mental Health Scale for Child and Adolescent,Psychological Questionnaires for Emergent Events of Public Health.Questionnaire data collected: The count data were described by frequency and percentage（%）,the unordered count data were analyzed by chisquare test,and the ordered count data were analyzed by rank sum test of rank data.Measurement data that did not conform to the normal distribution were expressed as the median（interquartile range）[M（P25,P75）],and the nonparametric rank sum test was used for comparison between groups.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the influencing factors of the mental health of primary school students during the epidemic,and the Spearman rank correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the correlation between the mental health of primary school students and their guardians during the epidemic.Results:This study showed that:（1）Compared with the primary school students during the regular epidemic prevention and control,the mental health status of the primary school students during the epidemic period was poorer in the two dimensions of emotional experience and volitional behavior（P<0.05）.（2）During the epidemic,there was a statistically significant difference in the overall mental health status of primary school students of different grades（H=14.158,P=0.015）,among which the mental health status of the sixth grade primary school students was better than that of the first grade primary school students（adjusted P=0.042）.（3）Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that with the increase of age,the risk of mental health problems in primary school students decreased accordingly（OR=0.895,95%CI: 0.815～0.982）,and the risk of mental health problems in girls was higher than that in boys（OR=1.453,95%CI: 1.063～1.986）,primary school students whose fathers’ and mothers’ character between impatience and moderate were at a lower risk of mental health problems（OR=0.496,95%CI: 0.301～0.815;OR=0.470,95%CI: 0.292～0.755）.Primary school students whose family education method was both encouragement and criticism had a lower risk of mental health problems（OR=0.263,95%CI: 0.132～0.526）,and primary school students from single-parent families and large families had a higher risk of mental health problems than core Families（OR=2.995,95%CI: 1.093～8.211;OR=3.446,95%CI: 1.274～9.317）,all were statistically significant（P<0.05）.（4）During the epidemic,there was a statistically significant difference in the mental health level of different guardians（P<0.05）,and the mental health level of the mother as the main guardian was worse than that of the father as the main guardian（P<0.001）.（5）The scores of the primary guardian’s Psychological Questionnaires for Emergent Events of Public Health were negatively correlated with their children’s mental health status（r=-0.168,P<0.001）.Conclusions:1.The COVID-19 epidemic has a certain impact on the mental health of primary school students.We should pay attention to the mental health of primary school students in the special periods,especially their emotional and behavioral problems.2.In the face of public health emergencies,we should pay more attention to girls,primary school students in lower grades,and primary school students from single-parent families,extended families,and families with impatient parents and inappropriate education methods.3.While we pay attention to the mental health of primary school students in the special periods,we should also pay attention to the mental health of their guardians,especially the mental health of the person whose main guardian is the mother.