| ObjectiveTo understand the prevalence status and influencing factors of hypertension,diabetes and dyslipidemia in adult residents of Ma’anshan city,and to provide scientific basis for determining priority areas of disease prevention and control,key intervention groups and intervention factors,and formulating strategies and measures for chronic disease prevention and control in Ma’anshan City.MethodsA multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to investigate adult residents in Huashan,Bowang and Hexian districts of Ma’anshan city from September to October 2020.The survey included questionnaires,physical measurements and laboratory tests.The questionnaires included family questionnaires（basic information of family members of the respondents,etc.）and personal questionnaires（basic information,lifestyle and behavioral habits,prevalence,awareness,treatment,and control of three chronic diseases,etc.）.Physical measurements included height,weight,WC and BP.Fasting venous blood samples of the residents were collected in the early morning,and the contents of FBG,TC,TG,HDL-C and LDL-C in serum were detected.ResultsA total of 5425 people participated in this study,with an effective sample size of 5115people and an effective sample rate of 94.29%.Among them,there were 2,399 males and2,716 females,with the male to female ratio of 1:1.3.The oldest respondent was 93 years old,the youngest was 18,and the average age was 51.58.There were 2067 patients with hypertension,and the crude prevalence of hypertension was 40.41%（standardized rate was 33.51%）.The awareness rate,treatment rate and control rate of hypertension were 66.13%,62.89%and 45.57%respectively.Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences between the hypertension and non-conditional in different gender,age,region,culture level,occupation,marital status,sit-ins length,sleep quality,sleep time,family history of chronic disease,and BMI distribution group（kg/m~2）group had statistical significance（P<0.05）.Multivariate analysis showed that the risk of hypertension increased at 45 and 60 years of age compared with 18 years of age（OR=1.98,95%CI:1.63 to 2.42;OR=4.51,95%CI:3.58～5.68）.Rural residents were 1.61 times more likely to have hypertension than urban residents（OR=1.61,95%CI:1.32-1.96）.Compared with agricultural,forestry,animal husbandry,fishery and water conservancy workers,the risk of hypertension in commercial and service workers was lower（OR=0.70,95%CI:0.50-0.98）,and the risk of hypertension in professional and technical workers was lower（OR=0.73,95%CI:0.54-0.99）.Widowhood increased the risk of hypertension compared with unmarried（OR=1.86,95%CI:1.22-2.84）.The prevalence of hypertension increased in residents with family history of chronic diseases（OR=1.81,95%CI:1.56～2.11）.Overweight and obesity were associated with an increased risk of hypertension compared with normal-weight residents（OR=1.19,95%CI:1.00-1.41;OR=1.44,95%CI:1.15～1.80）.There were 948 patients with diabetes,and the crude prevalence of diabetes was 18.53%（standardized rate was 15.68%）.The awareness rate,treatment rate and control rate of diabetes were 70.36%,43.46%and 45.89%respectively.Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences between the diabetic group and the non-diabetic group in different age,education,occupation,nation,marital status,second-hand smoke exposure,exercise,sitting time,sleep quality,nap,family history of chronic disease,BMI group（kg/m~2）and abdominal obesity group（P<0.05）.Multivariate analysis showed that the risk of diabetes was increased in 45 and 60 years of age compared with 18 years of age（OR=1.72,95%CI:1.32 to 2.23;OR=3.03,95%CI:2.26～4.05）;Compared with workers in agriculture,forestry,animal husbandry,fishery and water conservancy,retirees had an increased risk of diabetes（OR=1.48,95%CI:1.05-2.10）.Compared with sitting duration<3 hours,sitting duration of 3～,5～and 8～hours increased the risk of diabetes（OR=1.43,95%CI:1.15～1.78;OR=1.51,95%CI:1.17～1.96;OR=1.81,95%CI:1.30～2.53）;Compared with normal WC residents,abdominal obesity was associated with an increased risk of diabetes（OR=1.44,95%CI:1.05-1.97）.There were 2172 patients with dyslipidemia,and the prevalence of dyslipidemia was42.46%（standardized rate was 40.82%）.The awareness rate of dyslipidemia was 39.00%,and the treatment rate was 18.88%.Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences between dyslipidemia group and non-dyslipidemia group in different age,region,occupation,exercise,nap,family history of chronic disease,BMI group（kg/m~2）and abdominal obesity group（P<0.05）.Multivariate analysis showed that the risk of dyslipidemia was increased in 45～and 60～years compared with 18～years（OR=1.17,95%CI:1.01～1.35;OR=1.28,95%CI:1.08～1.53）;the incidence of dyslipidemia in rural residents was 0.789 times higher than that in urban residents（OR=0.79,95%CI:0.68-0.93）.Compared with the workers in agriculture,forestry,animal husbandry,fishery and water conservancy,the risk of dyslipidemia in commercial and service workers was lower（OR=0.72,95%CI:0.55-0.94）,and the risk of dyslipidemia in state organs,party and mass organizations,enterprises and public institutions was lower（OR=0.72,95%CI:0.55-0.94）.The risk of dyslipidemia was increased during napping compared with non-napping（OR=1.19,95%CI:1.06-1.35）.Overweight and obesity were associated with an increased risk of dyslipidemia compared with normal weight residents（OR=1.19,95%CI:1.00-1.41;OR=1.44,95%CI:1.15～1.80）;Abdominal obesity increased the risk of dyslipidemia（OR=1.27,95%CI:1.02-1.60）.The number of chronic diseases of the adult population of Ma’anshan city was 3,468,among which a chronic disease of 2059 people was 40.25%.There were 1099 chronic diseases,and the prevalence rate was 21.49%.There were 310 people with three chronic diseases,with a prevalence of 6.06%.ConclusionThe prevalence of hypertension,diabetes and dyslipidemia in Ma’anshan is not optimistic.Hypertension may be related to region,occupation,age,marital status,family history of chronic disease and BMI;diabetes may be related to occupation,sitting time,age and abdominal obesity;dyslipidemia may be related to age,region,occupation,nap,BMI and abdominal obesity.Health authorities should adopt targeted prevention and control policies and measures for different groups of people. |
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