Study On The Investigation Of Prevalence And Risk Factors Of Hypertension And Prehypertension In A Workplace Population

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence,awareness,treatment,and control rates of hypertension and prehypertension in a workplace population,and to analyze the risk factors for hypertension in the workplace.MethodsA company in Hefei was selected to conduct a cross-sectional survey of 2616on-the-job employees aged 20-59 from November 2019 to June 2020.To collect employees’ physical examination information,we conducted questionnaire surveys and telephoned follow-ups to investigate the basic information of employees,which was to understand the company’s occupational hypertension prevalence,awareness rate,treatment rate,control rate,and condition of anti-hypertensive medication.According to blood pressure levels,they were divided into three groups: normal blood pressure,prehypertension,and hypertension.The general data of the three groups were compared:gender,age,systolic blood pressure（SBP）,diastolic blood pressure（DBP）etc.At the same time,three groups of laboratory data were compared: fasting blood glucose（FBG）,serum creatinine（Scr）,blood urea（BU）,uric acid（UA）,total cholesterol（TC）,Triglyceride（TG）,high density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-c）,low density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-c）.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to study the risk factors of hypertension and prehypertension.Results1.Prevalence of hypertension,prehypertension in a workplace population,and classification and grading of hypertension.（1）The prevalence of occupational hypertension and prehypertension was 43.12% and30.15%,respectively.Among the patients with hypertension,the prevalence of hypertension in men was significantly higher than that in women（51.84% VS22.47%,c2=192.14,P< 0.001）,and the prevalence of hypertension increased with age（c2trend=289.11,P< 0.001）.Among the patients with prehypertension,in the 20-29 and 30-39-year-old groups（P<0.001）,the prevalence of males was higher than that of females,but the prevalence of females in the 40-49-year-old was higher than that of males（P<0.05）.（2）The classification characteristics of hypertensive population in the company’s workplace were mainly elevated systolic and diastolic blood pressure,and the classification was mainly hypertension grade 1;at the same time,with the increase of age,the proportion of hypertension grade 2 and 3 gradually increased.（c2trend=6.72,P=0.009）.2.Comparison of different data in normotensive group,prehypertensive group and hypertensive group:Comparison of general data among normotensive,prehypertensive,and hypertensive groups,indicators including: male,overweight or obese,dyslipidemia,hyperuricemia,hyperglycemia,fatty liver,job position,smoking,drinking,family history of hypertension,age,BMI,SBP,DBP,heart rate,had significant statistical differences（P < 0.001）,but the prehypertension group compared with the normotensive group,the heart rate had no significant difference（P<0.001）.Compared with the laboratory indicators of the workplace population with different blood pressure levels,there were significant statistical differences in FBG,Scr,BU,UA,TC,TG,LDL-c,and HDL-c（P<0.001）,but there was no significant difference in FBG and BU between the normotensive group and prehypertensive group（P>0.017）.3.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that male,age,obesity,hyperuricemia,hyperglycemia,dyslipidemia,fatty liver,job position,drinking and family history of hypertension were risk factors for occupational hypertension;risk factors for prehypertension were male,overweight,hyperglycemia,fatty liver,job position.4.Awareness rate,treatment rate,control rate,and drug use of occupational hypertensionAmong hypertension in a workplace population,the awareness rate of hypertension was 41.50%,the treatment rate was 30.18%,and the control rate was 10.88%;The awareness rate,treatment rate,and control rate of the hypertensive population in the workplace were different in different genders,different positions,and different ages.;the treatment drugs for hypertensive patients were mainly calcium ion antagonists（Calcium channel blocker,CCB）,other（compound reserpine,Chinese patent medicine,etc.）,combination drugs,angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor（ACEI）,angiotensin receptor blocker（ARB）,diuretics and beta-blockers.Conclusion1.The company has a high prevalence of hypertension and prehypertension in the workplace,but hypertension is graded mainly as hypertension grade 1（mild）,which should be targeted to strengthen the prevention and treatment of hypertension in the workplace.2.The risk factors for hypertension in the workplace of this company include male,age,obesity,hyperuricemia,hyperglycemia,dyslipidemia,fatty liver,job position,frequent alcohol consumption,family history of hypertension,etc.We should strengthen interventions for modifiable risk factors.3.The awareness,treatment,and control rates of hypertension among the occupational population of the company are generally at a low level;the medication of patients receiving anti-hypertensive drug treatment is also unreasonable,and the popularization of hypertension knowledge should be strengthened,and recommended according to hypertension guidelines,choose appropriate anti-hypertensive drugs for medical treatment in the workplace population.