The Formative Process And Intervention Of Hopelessness In Depressed Patients

The prevalence of depression is very high and has become the second leading disease after heart disease,with nearly 350 million people suffering from depressive disorders worldwide.For depression formation,feelings of hopelessness is one of the key factors.Hopelessness,as one of the core symptoms of depressed patients,is at the same time a key variable in predicting suicide,and Research on feelings of hopelessness is valuable in the formation,diagnosis,and prevention of depression and suicide.However,current research on feelings of despair is relatively few,and few studies have explored the mechanisms underlying the formation of hopelessness.This study provides theoretical support for the diagnosis and treatment of depression and suicide by interviewing and intervening with depressed patients in an attempt to explore the process of the formation of hopelessness in depressed patients and the intervention methods.In study one,a total of 16 outpatients and inpatients with depression from H city mental（psycho）health center were selected by semi open interview,and subject abstraction and comparison were performed repeatedly after collation of transcriptional data analysis.Study II selected five depressed in-hospital hopelessness patients using multiple baseline case experiment design,based on cognitive behavioral therapy intervention patients pointed to misrepresent core beliefs in three aspects of life events,self and social support,using Beck hopelessness Scale（BHS）,Life events scale（LES）,Core self-evaluation scale（CSES）,Perceived social Support Scale（PSSS）for pre-treatment,in treatment and end of treatment assessment.The present study mainly obtained the following results:（1）Hopelessness in depressed patients incorporates misrepresent core beliefs that point to life events,self,and social support.（2）The formation of hopelessness goes through a series of processes: having vulnerability,experiencing frustration repeatedly,learned helplessness,social support hopelessness,complete hopelessness,and suicidal ideation.（3）After the intervention,there were significant differences in the scores of despair,life events,core self-evaluation and perceived social support among all patients.Based on the research results,we can draw the following conclusions: in the process of repeated frustration,the sense of despair of patients with depression is produced by the joint action of external negative feedback and internal susceptibility factors,and finally forms a distorted core belief pointing to life events,self and social support.From the experience of life events to the formation of despair,the patients experienced the process of susceptibility,repeated frustration,learned helplessness,social support despair,complete despair,suicidal ideation and so on.On the basis of cognitive behavioral therapy,intervention aimed at patients’ distorted core beliefs pointing to life events,self and social support can reduce the level of despair.