Research On The Image Of Ancient Emperors During The Anti-japanese War

During the Anti-Japanese War,the national heroes were valued by the National Government as an important ideological resource.The ancient emperors Qin Shihuang,Han Wudi,Tang Taizong,Genghis Khan,and Ming Taizu had outstanding achievements in history.In the late Qing Dynasty,in order to promote the anti-Qing dynasty,the revolutionaries established Ming Taizu as a national hero,and some new intellectuals criticized the authoritarian emperor,or emphasized the spirit of the ancient emperor.After the establishment of the Republic of China,Genghis Khan was valued,and the newspapers paid attention to the sacrifice of Chengling.The New Cultural Movement also focused on criticizing the imperial dictatorship,and the Xueheng School praised the glorious culture of the imperial era.After the "September 18 Incident",the National Government shaped five emperors as national heroes,established a nationalist cultural policy,encouraged the publication of emperor biographies and literary works,actively promoted the national grave sweeping activities,and promoted the westward relocation of genghis Khan’s mausoleum.The National Government endowed the ancient emperorswith the connotations of nation-building,leader worship,policy imitation,national spirit promotion,and national revival,and promoted them to the society.The CCP denied the authoritarian emperor from a class standpoint,but actively promoted Genghis Khan ’ s ritual ceremony,attacked the political discourse propagated by the National Government,gave national unity and equality to Genghis Khan,and formed a confrontation with the National Government.The intellectuals used textual discourse and works of art as carriers to shape the ancient emperors.Some intellectuals supported the political interpretation of the ancient emperors by the national government,but there were also negative interpretations of authoritarian tyrants.Although the Kuomintang government and intellectuals did not reach consensus on the five emperor national heroes during the Anti-Japanese War,Genghis Khan was shaped as a Chinese national hero during this period and was recognized by all parties.The national government’s national hero emperor policy is weakened layer by layer due to social control,and the intellectuals still have some recognition.The CCP replaced ethnic equality and solidarity political connotation with the Kuomintang discourse,and the lower levels of the people weremostly mobilized by the national government to participate.Although the image of ancient emperors was dominated by national heroes,there were also voices of autocracy and tyranny.As the national government moved towards corruption and autocracy in the later period of the War of Resistance,the image of national emperors gradually disappeared.