| Before the Xianfeng and Tongzhi period,Donation was carried out in the early Qing Dynasty because of its function of alleviating the financial crisis of the government and collecting talents from other places under the background of crowded official career and uneven subjects,which needed new ways to inject fresh blood into the bureaucratic team and develop new sources of money to increase the government’s financial revenue.It was formed and completed through the Kangxi、Yongzheng、Qianlong、Jiaqing、Daoguang period.Before the Xianfeng and Tongzhi period,the disadvantages of donation system,due to the careful control of the rulers,had appeared,but did not cause the alienation of its function.However,the increasingly redundant donation went through various dynasties,with a lot of disadvantages in the Xianfeng、Tongzhi period.In addition,the donation was opened for a long time,resulting in the structural change and operation disorder during the period of Xianfeng、Tongzhi,As a result,the early function of donation was alienated Not only the subsidy effect of donation income on government finance was weakened,but also the impact of donation on the bureaucracy and personnel system in Qing Dynasty made the bureaucracy mixed with other officials and the administration of officials was anomied.In order to curb the disadvantages of donation,during the Xian feng、Tongzhi period,measures were taken to regulate donation and increase the number of articles in order to eliminate the bureaucracy and dredge the law.However,due to the defects of early system design and the lack of timely correction and maintenance in the process of system operation,the donation system has long been in a state of decline,the external repair can not "cured"the system.The function alienation of donation did not stop until the end of Qing Dynasty. |
