Study On Mencius’s Ethics Thoughts Of "Action From Benevolence And Righteousness"

Mencius’ s ethical thought occupies an important position in his entire ideological system.This article mainly starts from the angle of benevolence and righteousness,with the thought of "being righteous and righteous" as the core,combing Mencius’ s ethical thought.The thought of "Benevolence and Righteous Action" takes "benevolence and righteousness" as the core,based on the theory of four ends and good nature,seeks the cultivation path within the cultivation and reflexivity,emphasizes the cultivation of the internal morality of the individual,pursues the shaping of a sound personality,and focuses on the virtues.The morality of the moral subject is the internal starting point to realize the initiative and consciousness of moral behavior.The specific research of the thesis is carried out from the following four aspects:The first part expounds the basic connotation of Mencius’ s ethical thought of "being righteously".On the one hand,Mencius inherited Confucius’ benevolence thought,and on the other hand,he broke through the category of Confucius with benevolence and etiquette as the core of ethics,and deepened and developed righteousness.Confucius often puts equal emphasis on benevolence and courtesy,while Mencius put more emphasis on benevolence and righteousness,taking benevolence and righteousness as the two most important moral categories,making them a more universal moral concept,containing a wider range of content,and the status of righteousness is similar.It is greatly improved than in Confucian thought.Mencius advocated that benevolence and righteousness are inherent virtues of human beings,and thus put forward the idea of "doing by benevolence and righteousness",emphasizing the initiative and consciousness of moral behavior,so that the subject is respected by "doing benevolence and righteousness",that is,taking benevolence and righteousness as the external norm.The development is based on truly grasping the inner meaning of benevolence and righteousness and consciously practicing benevolence and righteousness from the inner will.The second part demonstrates the basis of the ethical thought of "doing by benevolence and righteousness" : character and human nature.Mencius advocated the inherent humanity and righteousness,and believed that inherent virtue is the root of goodness.This foundation is based on his four-terminal theory and the theory of goodness of nature.First,use the theory of four ends as a proof of mind and nature that morality is rooted in the heart.Mencius regarded people’s compassion,shame,resignation,and right and wrong as the transcendental moral heart,and benevolence,justice,etiquette and wisdom are rooted in the heart,which is inherent and inherent.Second,establish the essence of people in the social relationship with the relationship between benevolence and people.On the one hand,human beings are the existence of morality,and their spiritual pursuit and spiritual realm are contained in moral pursuit;on the other hand,human beings are the existence of ethics,and human beings are the subject of ethical relations,and benevolence as the core of reason determines the ethical relations Specifications.Third,take the doctrine of good nature as the human nature of the fourterminal heart.Mencius believes that the origin of the four-terminal heart is the inherent goodness of human beings,and this and the above two aspects are used as the internal motivation and basis for human beings to be benevolent and righteous.The third part explores the cultivation methods of "doing by benevolence and righteousness" : preservation and self-reflection.Mind and human nature,as the internal basis for human beings to act by benevolence and righteousness,establish the characteristics of human beings who can seek goodness,and the specific cultivation and cultivation of seeking goodness include preservation and self-reflexion.The first is to be intellectual and clarify moral cognition.The four ends are originally from nature but are seen in the heart.However,they need to be expanded.They need to do their best to understand their goodness,realize the self-sufficiency of further study,and pay more attention to seeking inwardly.Only in this way can the behavior carried out outwards come from the subject’s own moral will.And do it calmly and unhurriedly.The second is to cultivate one’s morality and practice morally.The kindness of the heart is subtle,and it is easy to be affected by desire and environment.Therefore,it is necessary to always be benevolent,without losing the conscience,and pay attention to the cultivation as a rational and thoughtful mind,so as to guide people’s behavior more Specifically,it is easier to grasp in practice.The third is to seek self reflexively and focus on moral reflection.When there is no time to do things,we should focus on seeking ourselves without responsibilities,emphasizing the review of the heart of benevolence and righteousness,and grasping the continual moral origin of the heart,so that we can move forward.The fourth part points to the realization of "doing by benevolence and righteousness" :self-development and self-reliance.The realization of Mencius’ s ethical thought of "doing by benevolence and righteousness" is based on inherent goodness,paying attention to inward study and improvement,pursuing the development of a healthy personality,and finally achieving self-cultivation and self-cultivation and benevolence and righteousness.The first is to maintain aspirations and nourish the spirit,insist on the inner will of the subject,and use the aura of righteousness as the inner spiritual pillar of an independent personality,in order to be self-defeating and not degenerate.The second is benevolence and love,emphasizing the use of moral emotions.Personal benevolence and selfcultivation are only the basis for realizing moral personality,and it is necessary to promote oneself and others to be able to give virtue to the world.The last is the integrity of the poor,focusing on the realization of moral personality."Run by Benevolence and Righteousness" emphasizes cultivating people who pursue noble personality with benevolence,righteousness and virtue as the center.The "big man" is the ideal image of moral personality in Mencius,and it is also a manifestation of people’s value in social moral practice.