Causes And Implications Of The Changing Political Status Of UMNO In Malaysia From 2018 To 2021

United Malays National Organisation（UMNO）is the most influential political party in Malaysia’s political history,and the coalition of parties led by UMNO was in power in Malaysia from 1957-2018,but UMNO’s political position changed significantly between 2018 and 2021.Firstly,after the 201 8 General Election,Malaysia saw the first change of ruling party in its history,and then UMNO regained its position as one of the ruling parties in the "February Coup" in 2020,a series of changes triggered the political turmoil in Malaysia and attracted the attention of scholars both at home and abroad.However,the current research usually analyses Malaysian politics as a whole,and there is little literature specialising in the systematic study of UMNO’s own changes and development and its interaction with Malaysian politics.The main innovation of this paper is therefore to explore the specific reasons for the change in UMNO’s political status and the impact of the change from the perspective of UMNO,taking into account the new political changes in Malaysia in recent years.The main elements of this paper is to examine the causes and implications of the changing political status of UMNO from 2018-2021,using historical research methods and comparative political science research methods to conduct the study.By focusing on the major historical events such as the loss of UMNO’s ruling position in the 2018 general election and the return of UMNO to the ruling party coalition in the "February Coup" in 2020,the internal causes of UMNO’s changing political status are analysed in the context of UMNO’s overall historical development,and the performance of UMNO’s partner parties and opposition parties are also examined.It also examines the external causes of UMNO’s changing political status in relation to the initiatives of UMNO’s partner parties and opposition parties.Finally,the implications of UMNO’s changing political status for Malaysian party politics and the political arena are discussed in the context of the development of political parties in the country as a whole.The main conclusion of this study is that the change in UMNO’s political status between 2018 and 2021 has deep historical roots as well as a realistic background,and has had a profound impact on the development of Malaysian politics and party politics.The reasons for UMNO’s loss of power in 2018 are manifold:Some of UMNO’s personnel corruption and debauchery have seriously affected its image among voters;the internal power struggle at the top has led to divisions that have further reduced UMNO’s political strength;and UMNO’s party coalition,the National Front,has failed to provide timely feedback to voters and to integrate The growth of the opposition coalition,Alliance of Hope,has given voters an alternative option;and the citizens themselves have become more aware of their rights and can no longer tolerate UMNO’s long-standing authoritarian rule.Although UMNO became one of the ruling parties again in the "February Coup" in 2020,the "February Coup" was mainly the result of a split within the Alliance of Hope and was not an elected change of government,so the reasons for UMNO’s defeat in the general election remain and may continue to influence UMNO’s performance in the next general election.The reasons for UMNO’s defeat in the election remain,and may continue to influence UMNO’s performance in the next election,leading to a change in UMNO’s political status.The implications of the change in UMNO’s political status are also far-reaching.On the one hand,it has contributed to the democratisation of Malaysian politics,as for the first time in the country’s history,there has been a change in the ruling party,which has mobilised voters’ enthusiasm to participate in politics and has finally brought their votes to bear on the democratic values of the country.Although there are still more than one political party coalition active in the political arena,those with real strength are still the political party coalitions belonging to UMNO,Malaysian Chinese Association and Malaysian Indian Congress Kongres India Se-Malaysia,and those belonging to the Democratic Action Party and the People’s Justice Party,thus the future of Malaysian politics is and will be characterised by two major political coalitions competing with each other.When the political situation in Malaysia was about to be thrown into chaos by the "February Coup",it was the King of Malaysia who stepped in to stabilise the political situation in time,and as a political force that cannot be ignored,the King of Malaysia influences the future direction of Malaysian politics.