A Study Of Hegel’s Theory Of Freedom From The Objective Spirit Perspective

Since modern times,freedom has become an important theme in human life,and it has become the focus of attention of many ethicists and philosophers.For example,Rousseau and Kant explicitly make freedom the central issue of their philosophy,and Hegel is no exception.He understood freedom as man’s inner regulation and ultimate purpose and made a unique argument for man’s freedom from his philosophical system.Although Hegel passed away nearly two hundred years ago,his theory of freedom still exerts an important influence on the fields of practical philosophy such as ethics,political philosophy,and legal philosophy.This article firstly summarizes the social background and ideological origin of Hegel’s theory of freedom.Hegel intuitively saw the spirit of the age of freedom in the context of the French Revolution and the British Industrial Revolution.In addition,from Aristotle in ancient Greece to Hobbes,Rousseau and Kant in modern times,Hegel has experienced an evolution from nature to freedom.Hegel stood at the end of this thought process and obtained the Demonstrate the basic concept of human freedom,namely free will.Then this article clarifies the position of Hegel’s theory of freedom in his philosophical system,and how he demonstrated the problem of "human freedom" in his objective philosophy of spirit.This starts from two aspects,one is to understand the position of the objective spirit in its entire philosophical system,and the other is his unique method of philosophical argumentation,that is,the same logic and history,and the dialectics of concepts.On this basis,this article uses Hegel’s main text " Elements of the philosophy of right " to expound his objective spirit,reveals the content of his theory of freedom,and analyzes the three links of Hegel’s dialectical movement through the concept of free will,which refer to the real world.The three areas of human freedom are:one is the freedom that human beings have as a personality in external objects;the other is the freedom that human beings have as a subject to initiate actions according to themselves;the third is the freedom obtained in ethical entities.The first two kinds of freedom are abstract or flawed,and cannot be realized by themselves,and only human freedom can be truly realized in concrete ethical entities and ultimately in modern states.In general,although Hegel’s theory of freedom from the perspective of the objective spirit,appears to be some insufficient today,it is instructive for us to understand the situation of modern people.In particular,some core concepts and demonstration methods of his theory of freedom are still the cognitive basis for our thinking about ethical issues and freedom issues today.Hegel’s theory of freedom is still alive today.