| The flexible economic system established at 1990 s,which combines planned economy and market regulation,has a dual impact on the resource allocation level of enterprises.These encouraged entrepreneurs to engage in productive and innovative activities,but the market economy under the control of the government will inevitably produce factors such as rent-seeking and other unproductive activities.According to the existing data,the composition of private entrepreneurs in China is increasingly diversified.If private entrepreneurs as a whole are regarded as a group,the intra group gap may not be smaller than the inter group gap.This paper wants to explore the relationship between private entrepreneurs and unproductive activity input from the perspective of political background or political status heterogeneity.First of all,we need to make clear the definition of political background,political status and unproductive activities of enterprises.Political background refers to the fact that an entrepreneur once had a political position before the establishment of an enterprise;political status refers to the fact that an entrepreneur has a political position after the establishment of an enterprise;unproductive activities of an enterprise refer to the redistribution of the surplus capital of the enterprise,which do not directly create new output,such as public relations,recruitment and lobbying,which is a rent-seeking process.In this paper,normative analysis and empirical analysis are used.Normative analysis,based on the previous research,including domestic and abroad relevant literature conclusions and theories,put forward the basic assumptions of this paper.Empirical analysis,using OLS model as the basic model of regression analysis,the data comes from the 11 th national private enterprise survey in 2014,and 6091 effective samples are obtained after processing.In order to get the stable regression results,considering the potential endogenous problems,education is selected as the instrumental variable of the independent variable political background.However,according to the Hausman test results,the assumption that all variables of the original hypothesis model are exogenous variables cannot be rejected,so it is appropriate to use OLS to regression the model;in order to test the marketization level of the regulatory variables selected in this paper In this paper,the degree of modernization is chosen as an alternative variable of the level of marketization,and the result is basically the same as before.The regression results show that the promotion of marketization can effectively reduce the investment of entrepreneurs in unproductive activities,and the regression results have a surprising discovery that entrepreneurs with high political background and low political status have higher investment in unproductive activities than other types of entrepreneurs.But in the case of market-oriented promotion,the positive effect will be weakened.In order to explain this phenomenon reasonably,this paper creates a new concept,the maintenance cost of enterprise political relationship,that is,the private entrepreneur has political identity before the establishment of the enterprise,but loses political identity after the establishment of the enterprise.In order to maintain the accumulated political relationship,such entrepreneurs will have a higher preference for the investment of unproductive activities than other types of private entrepreneurs.Rent-seeking behaviour maintains the political relationship between enterprises and the government.Based on the above conclusion,this paper puts forward three policy suggestions.Strengthen guidance and promote the effective allocation of production resources.We will improve the socialist market-oriented reform and adhere to the correct handling of the relationship between the government and the market.Create a system environment to support the high-quality development of the private economy. |
