Study On The Social Capital Of Core Members Of Social Organizations In The Field Of Pension Service System In Anhui Province

Background: China is one of the countries with the fastest aging population in the world.An effective pension service system needs to mobilize all positive factors and deeply explore social resources.Because of the flexibility of social organization structure and flexible response,it can improve the efficiency of services for the elderly,so it plays an important and irreplaceable role in the work of pension services.However,at present,there are still obstacles in the development and survival process of social organizations,which leads to the great advantages that social organizations should have not been activated.As a new form of capital,social capital has become a new breakthrough to explore the participation of social organizations in pension services.To a large extent,the social capital of social organizations in the field of providing for the aged is the individual social capital of the core members of the organization,so discussing the development of individual social capital of the core members of the organization at the micro level plays a vital role in promoting the development of social organizations in the field of providing for the aged in Anhui Province.It plays a vital role in promoting the further development of the theory and practice of healthy aging.Objective:This study defines and discusses the connotation and elements of the social capital of the core members of social organizations in the field of old-age services from a micro perspective,develops the measurement tools of core individual social capital,describes the stock of individual social capital,discusses the factors that affect the social capital of core members in the field of old-age services,and puts forward ways to cultivate core personal social capital,so as to provide a theoretical basis for the work of old-age services in Anhui Province.Promote the in-depth development of the theory and practice of healthy aging.Methods : This study designs a tool to measure the social capital of social organizations in the field of old-age services through several rounds of Delphi method.According to the distribution of pension organizations in Anhui Province,and taking into account the geographical location and the level of economic development,using multi-stage sampling method,two cities were selected from the northern,central and southern regions of Anhui Province as the survey site.50% of the pension organizations were selected from the ledger system of the survey cities,and 2-3 core members were selected as the survey objects to conduct an one-to-one interview questionnaire survey.The data were collected by questionnaire star electronic questionnaire and analyzed by SPSS 25.0.Results :(1)In terms of validity,the four common factors extracted by principal component analysis can explain 67.002% of the variation;in terms of reliability,the overall Cronbach’s α coefficient of the questionnaire is 0.867,and the Cronbach coefficients of the other four dimensions are all greater than 0.8.(2)Analysis of basic characteristics of core individuals: 305 valid questionnaires were included.Among them,there are more men than women;the average age is49.42 ±12.50 years old;college education is relatively high;the core members of most pension institutions do not have professional titles,accounting for 80.6%;there are more full-time staff,accounting for 93.8%;in the current organization,the highest proportion is those who have worked for less than 3 years,accounting for 42.3%;more than half of the members have received management training / skills training.The respondents who obtained the vocational qualification certificate accounted for 65.9% of the total,which was much higher than the number of people who obtained the practice certificate.The current situation of social capital of the core members of social organizations in the field of old-age services:(1)Social network:more than half of the respondents think they have less than 5 friends in the civil affairs department,the Health Commission(Office for the elderly),the Medical Security Bureau,other government departments,federations of social organizations /social work organizations.There were significant differences in the number of friends among civil affairs departments,street / community neighborhood committees,other government departments and other old-age social organizations in northern Anhui,central Anhui and southern Anhui.There were significant differences in the number of friends between urban and rural respondents in street / community neighborhood committees,social organization federations / social work federations.(2)Trust: more than 70% of the respondents think that the staff of the competent unit,organizational members,organizational volunteers and service objects are very credible,and 89.8%of the respondents think they are trustworthy.There was no significant difference in the dimension of trust among the respondents in northern,central and southern Anhui,as well as between urban and rural areas.(3)Social support: more than 45.9% of respondents believe that someone will provide them with support when they encounter financial,material,emotional,technological and information difficulties.However,compared with the other three dimensions,the score is low.Among the five items in the support dimension,the core members have the highest proportion of emotional support and the lowest proportion of financial support.From the perspective of urban and rural distribution,there are statistically significant differences in access to material support between urban and rural respondents.(4)Cohesion and sense of belonging: 85.6% of the respondents thought that the organization was of special significance to them,and 68.9% believed that the achievement of personal goals depended on the achievement of organizational goals.There are statistically significant differences in the degree of integration of personal goals and organizational goals and reluctance to withdraw from the organization among the respondents in northern,central and southern Anhui.(4)The influencing factors of social capital of the core members of social organizations in the field of old-age services:the results show that the influencing factors of core individual social capital include gender,education level,professional qualification,management training,working hours in the organization,working hours in the field of pension and retirement re-employment;the results of multiple linear regression analysis show that the influencing factors of core personal social capital are education level.Conclusion:(1)In this study,the measurement questionnaire of core individual social capital of social organizations in the field of old-age services is applied to Anhui Province for the first time.The scale includes four dimensions: "social network","trust","social support" and "cohesion and sense of belonging".The analysis results show that the questionnaire developed by the research group has good reliability and validity.(2)It can be seen that at present,there is a certain social capital among the core members of social organizations in the field of old-age services in Anhui Province,but there are still differences between regional distribution,urban and rural distribution,social capital dimensions and specific items of each dimension.(3)The core individual social capital of social organizations in the field of old-age services is affected by many factors.The ways to enrich the core individual social capital are as follows: Enhance the social capital of the social network dimension;external needs call for the support of the media,accumulate the social capital of the support dimension;create a sense of cohesion and belonging to the dimension of social capital.