Research On The Development And Operation Mechanism Optimization Of Community Embedded Old-age Services In Shanghai

As a mega city,Shanghai is not only the first city to step into the aging population,but also the city with the highest degree of aging in China,and it has been in the stage of deep aging.With the continuous change of Shanghai’s population structure and the continuous development of economy and society,the original "9073" old-age services are difficult to meet the current demand of pension service.Based on this situation,Shanghai launched the community embedded old-age services on the basis of the original "9073" old-age services,and it started the pilot work of community embedded old-age services in the second half of 2014.At present,community embedded old-age services have effectively made up for some of the shortcomings of pension service,further consolidated the "9073" old-age services,and it has broad development prospects in the long run.However,as an emerging old-age service which is still in its infancy,there is still a large space for improvement and development of community embedded old-age services.Therefore,it is urgent to optimize the community embedded old-age services.Based on the embeddedness theory and governance theory,this paper reviews the literature at home and abroad,draws on the research results of Chinese and foreign scholars,adopts the research methods of literature research and case analysis,and combines with the current characteristics of the aging population in Shanghai,the policy development,main types and operation mechanism of the community embedded old-age services,and makes an analysis of the Y elderly care home of X community in Shanghai.The basic situation and development process were studied.Through the research,it is found that the X community Y elderly care home has low transfer rate of implantation space,lack of rationality of occupancy;lack of diversity of service content,unable to meet the diversified needs of the elderly;low professional quality of service personnel,team structure is unreasonable;single operation mode,large-scale replication obstacles;the proportion of elderly purchase services is not high,and the development of home service is hindered Real problems.In view of the above problems,and combined with the analysis framework of embeddedness theory,this paper analyzes the deep-seated causes of the problems from the four levels of political system,main body structure,cultural construction and cognitive concept: first,from the level of political system,it is mainly due to the lagging and imperfect policies and the poor effect of policy implementation;second,from the level of main body structure,it is mainly due to the wrong relationship between government and society;Third,from the perspective of cultural construction,it is mainly due to the lack of service team construction and the lag of pension service technology;fourth,from the perspective of cognitive concept,it is mainly due to the solidification of traditional pension concept and the lack of social awareness.In view of the above development dilemma and its reasons,this paper puts forward relatively perfect optimization countermeasures from four aspects of political system,main structure,cultural construction and cognitive concept: first,we should continuously improve the policy system at the political system level,and strengthen the implementation of policies;second,we should build equal cooperation between government and society at the main structure level,and ensure the smooth expression channel of the needs of the elderly;Third,we should strengthen the construction of the old age service echelon in the cultural construction level,and make full use of the Internet plus technology;fourth,we should change the traditional concept of pension in the cognitive level,and enhance the social awareness of the community embedded old-age services.