Study On The Influencing Factors And Promotion Countermeasures Of The Second Child’s Fertility Desire

At the beginning of 1980 s,China carried out the one-child family planning policy in order to control the population and improve the quality of population.However,with the development of economy and society and the change of population problems,China began to adjust the birth policy.In order to help achieve the goal of reproductive policy adjustment,this thesis studies various factors that affect the second child’s fertility desire of the people of childbearing age,with a view to proposing practical policy recommendations and improving the current fertility supporting policies.After literature review,it is found that the current research focuses on the microscopic individual and family characteristics,while the national macroscopic regional and social security factors are less concerned.Therefore,the innovation of this study is not only to explore the impact of microscopic individual and family characteristics on the second child’s fertility desire,but also to focus on the impact of macroscopic regional and social security factors on the second child’s fertility desire.Based on the data of China Family Panel Studies in 2018,this thesis uses statistical methods such as chi-square test,rank sum test,mean comparison and regression analysis to study the influencing factors of the second child’s fertility desire from macro and micro levels.The results show that:(1)there is no significant difference between men and women in the second child’s fertility desire;(2)age has a significant positive impact on the second child’s fertility desire;(3)education level has a significant negative impact on the second child’s fertility desire;(4)there is no significant difference in the second child’s fertility desire with different marital satisfaction;(5)there is no significant difference in the second child’s fertility desire with different health conditions;(6)family income has a significant negative impact on the second child’s fertility desire;(7)family size has a significant positive impact on the second child’s fertility desire;(8)with parental help is significantly higher than that without parental help in the second child’s fertility desire;(9)the impact degree of child support fee has a significant negative impact on the second child’s fertility desire;(10)the second child’s fertility desire in agricultural household registration is significantly higher than that in non-agricultural household registration;(11)the second child’s fertility desire in the western region is significantly higher than that in the eastern region,while the second child’s fertility desire in the northeast region is significantly lower than that in the eastern region;(12)the second child’s fertility desire in other policy areas is significantly higher than that in the first policy areas;(13)participation or not participation in medical insurance has no significant impact on the second child’s fertility desire;(14)participation or not participation in endowment insurance has no significant difference in the second child’s fertility desire.According to the results of the study,this thesis puts forward to some relevant countermeasures.First of all,the countermeasures enlightenment of individual characteristics mainly include strengthening medical investment to reduce the risk of childbirth,changing the propaganda strategy and strengthening the government’s guidance on second childbirth.Secondly,the countermeasures enlightenment of family characteristics mainly include increasing financial investment and birth subsidy,protecting women’s rights to reduce opportunity cost,developing childcare to reduce the burden of care,improving the working system to increase the time of care.Thirdly,the countermeasures enlightenment of region characteristics mainly include improving the fertility willingness of low fertility desire areas,encouraging the fertility behavior of high fertility desire areas and promoting the development of regional economy,Finally,the countermeasures enlightenment of social security are mainly reflected in the improvement of medical and maternity insurance.