Design And Practice Of Teaching Activities Based On Project-based Learning To Cultivate Pupils’ Computational Thinking

With the continuous development of the Internet era,more and more national education departments attach importance to the cultivation of students’ thinking ability in computing.As one of the world’s major scientific literacy,computational thinking has become an essential skill that everyone should master.The cultivation of computational thinking has high requirements in both the understandings of programming knowledge and practical applications.In project-based learning,with the core concept of cultivating subject knowledge as the center,teachers play the role of the facilitator and the organizer.Students’ independent exploration and collaborative learning have unique advantages in cultivating computational thinking.This research combines the processes and methods of project-based learning,to design the objectives,resources,strategies,activities,and evaluation of teaching in the instructional design,and applies the instructional design to practice specific teaching to test whether the cultivation effect the calculation thinking for students.The main content of this study has the following three aspects:Firstly,status quo research and concept definition.To synthesize and analyse the current research situations of computational thinking and project-based learning,analyse the growth and distributions of research thinking in domestic researches of computational thinking,and explore the fit of project-based learning and computational thinking.Define the relevant concepts of computational thinking and project-based learning,and analyse and study project-based learning and computational thinking from the aspects of concepts,characteristics and processes.Analyse the advantages of cultivating computational thinking based on project-based learning.Scondly,design teaching activities.It elaborates the embodiment of cultivating computational thinking in the design of teaching activities based on project-based learning,and analyses the bases of designing teaching activities from the perspective of course content,students’ thinking qualities and training advantages.Focusing onthe five dimensions of decomposition,generalization,algorithm,abstraction and evaluation of training students’ computing thinking abilities,integrating the basic process of project-based teaching,specifically designing the six elements of teaching activities,and construct teaching based on project-based learning to design the acticities to cultivate students’ computing thinking.Thirdly,Analyse the teaching activities and teaching effects.Apply the teaching activity design to classroom teaching practice,using experimental methods and questionnaires to evaluate teaching effectiveness,using student calculation thinking scales and mid-term and final grades as summary evaluation data,students’ classroom performance,usual homework and project productional process to form evaluation data to test the feasibility of teaching activity design.The results of teaching practice show that the students in the experimental class have the positive classroom performances,as the independent learning,and the cooperative explorations,and the qualities of project completion are higher than the control class.The project-based learning model has a good teaching effect in cultivating students’ computational thinking.This research focuses on cultivating students’ computational thinking,effectively combines project-based learning and computational thinking training to carry out teaching activities,and provides theoretical support and practical reference for the educations of information technology in elementary schools.