The Study Of Academic Advising In American Universities

Since the 1960s,in order to improve the quality of education,American colleges and universities began to pay attention to students’ learning and development.The positive role of academic guidance for students’ development stems from its professional guidance activities,which have professional theoretical basis and guarantee system.This paper hopes to analyze the current situation of the development of academic advising in American colleges and universities,analyze how American colleges and universities conduct undergraduate academic advising,explore the implementation effect and characteristics of academic advising,and then analyze the problems they face,and put forward some reference suggestions for Chinese colleges.This paper is divided into the following five parts.The first chapter is the introduction,which mainly describes the origin and problems of the research,the significance and methods of the research,the definition of related concepts and the literature review after combing the existing literature.The second chapter describes the development process of academic advising in American colleges and universities,which has experienced three stages: germination stage,development stage and specialization stage.The development of academic advising reflects the demands of society,schools and students in different historical periods.It has become a more and more mature and specialized field since it appeared as a course selection system at first.It also analyzes the current situation of academic advising for undergraduates in American universities from the perspective of its objectives,contents,objects and advisors.The ultimate goal of academic advising is to promote the better development of students.The objects of academic advising include ethnic minority students,international students,disabled students,student athletes,veterans and students with different sexual orientations.The contents of academic advising include: It includes course selection guidance,learning problem guidance and career guidance;the academic advising team includes instructional faculty,professional academic advisors,professional counselors,graduate student advisors and advising support staff.The third chapter,taking the University of California,Berkeley as an example,deeply analyzes the implementation process of American undergraduate academic advising,and makes a detailed analysis of its implementation from four dimensions: helping students to establish goals,respecting students’ individual differences,cultivating students’ multiple abilities and multiple people’s common intervention.Chapter Four explores the effect of academic advising in American undergraduates from the aspects of academic planning,student academic performance,student satisfaction and student retention rate based on the existing survey report.At the same time,it also analyzes the current problems faced by American undergraduate academic advising,including the need to strengthen personalized chemical industry guidance,low job satisfaction of academic advisors,the lack of standardized organization and management of academic advising,and the lack of effective evaluation of academic advising.The fifth chapter summarizes the characteristics of academic advising,including the guidance goal of combining universality and individuality,the advising object and general knowledge of combining generality and individuality.The advising content of the combination of general knowledge and specialized knowledge and the guidance personnel of the combination of full-time and part-time.At the same time,the study puts forward some advice for the current academic advising in China about the goal,object,content,personnel and theoretical research.