A Study On Practice And Dilemma Of Teacher Candidate Performance Evaluation In The United States

America tends to see education as a panacea for social ills,such as gender,class inequality,race and so on.Education is also seen as an important means of intellectual,moral,ethical,emotional and physical development.Therefore,teachers are regarded as "practitioners of human progress",and the cultivation of teachers has been regarded by generations of educational theorists as one of the most important steps to ensure the overall success of a country.This belief in the success of teacher-driven education has aroused a great deal of empirical and theoretical research on teacher education over the years,and teacher preparation and performance have been the subject of intense debate and exploration in the United States.Due to the complexity of teaching,these arguments are often based on different points of view,and the evaluation dilemma of teacher training lies in how to measure its teaching effect,who to measure it and what kind of evaluation tools to adopt.Over the past three decades,the supervision and testing of teacher candidates has become a widely accepted practice in teacher development,with the use of high-stakes national exams.In the United States,teacher candidate performance evaluation(ed TPA)has been established to examine the ability of teacher candidates to solve practical problems in real teaching situations.This kind of performance evaluation with the characteristics of nationalization,standardization and high risk has never been implemented before,and it is moving forward in the controversy and doubt.Taking American Teacher candidate Performance Assessment(ed TPA)as the research object,this study aims to clarify the background,practice status,realistic dilemma and coping strategies of American Teacher candidate Performance Assessment.On this basis,the author puts forward a reflection on the performance evaluation of teacher candidates in the United States,and provides some experience for the improvement of the evaluation system of teacher candidates in China.This paper mainly uses literature research method and historical research method to explore the background of the performance evaluation of teacher candidates by sorting out the policy texts and enacted laws of the federal and state governments of the United States.By summarizing the relevant reports on the performance evaluation of teacher candidates in the United States,this paper sorts out the basic situation of the performance evaluation of teacher candidates and analyzes its advantages.Through the collection of relevant research literature to explore the practical difficulties and countermeasures in practice,and try to summarize the experience,reflection,on this basis for the construction of teacher education evaluation system in China to put forward practical suggestions.Through the consideration and investigation of American politics,economy,culture and other aspects,it is found that the emergence and rise of American teacher candidate performance evaluation is the product of multiple factors.American teacher training is faced with the dual pressure of the realistic demand for quality improvement and public accountability.To solve this problem,It is advocated to replace the traditional paper and pencil test with performance evaluation to evaluate the teaching ability of teacher candidates.On the one hand,the implementation of teacher candidate performance evaluation in the United States has a positive impact on teacher education: promoting the reform of teacher education curriculum;It is conducive to the professional development of teachers;Influence the teaching practice of teacher candidates.On the other hand,in the process of practice also encountered some difficulties: the inevitable harm to the teaching itself;The malpractice brought by enterprise management;The high cost of completing the evaluation process;Multicultural education and teaching for social justice are discouraged.Based on this,our country in the process of improving candidate evaluation system of teachers,should pay attention to:develop the scientific evaluation standard,promote the development of the multilateral force,pay attention to the localization of performance assessment,performance assessment,improvement and application,attaches great importance to the feedback of the evaluation results and utilization,in a real situation evaluate teachers professional candidates,security evaluation.