Research On Fitness Needs And Influencing Factors Of Floating Elderly In Yuhang District,Hangzhou City

With the aggravation of China’s aging population,the elderly floating population is gradually increasing.Due to the change of age and living environment,lack of attention and other reasons,the floating elderly face more health problems than the local elderly and the general floating population.To improve the health level of the floating elderly,meet their physical fitness needs,enable the floating elderly to live a healthy life,and achieve a good adaptive relationship with the urban society.We should improve the physical condition of the floating elderly,transform passive medical treatment into active fitness,strengthen the pertinence and operability of social sports work as a whole,and improve the quality of community public services.This paper takes the fitness needs and influencing factors of the floating elderly in Yuhang District of Hangzhou as the research object,and conducts a questionnaire survey among 220 floating elderly and 220 local elderly in various communities in Yuhang District of Hangzhou.At the same time,15 floating old people and 3community workers were interviewed,and the fitness status of the floating old people and the local old people with household registration was compared and analyzed to understand the fitness needs of the floating old people in Yuhang District,Hangzhou.With Anderson model as the framework,the factors affecting health behaviors and needs in Anderson model as independent variables,Logistic regression analysis was used to screen the factors affecting the fitness needs of the floating elderly among the independent variables.The results showed that:(1)Model 1 is the analysis result of the influence of related variables of population characteristics on the fitness demand of floating elderly people in Yuhang District,Hangzhou.Where R~2 = 0.049(R~2 represents the correlation degree between independent variable and dependent variable,and the closer the value is to 1,the higher the correlation degree).In Model 1,except the education level of the floating elderly,other factors(age and occupation)are less correlated with the fitness needs of the floating elderly.Among them,the regression coefficient of "junior college or above" in the education level of the floating elderly is 0.412,so the education level of the floating elderly is positively correlated with the fitness demand and the correlation degree is high,indicating that the higher the education level of the floating elderly is,the higher their fitness demand will be.(2)Model 2 is the impact of relevant variables of health behaviors of floating elderly people on fitness demands.R~2 = 0.723(R~2 represents the correlation degree between independent variable and dependent variable,and the closer the value is to 1,the higher the correlation degree)indicates that health behaviors are strongly correlated with fitness demands of floating elderly people,affecting their fitness demands.There were significant differences between the floating elderly who exercised in community and those who exercised at home(P<0.05).The weekly fitness frequency of the floating elderly who exercised at home and in other places was significantly lower than that of the floating elderly who exercised in community.Subjectively,there was a significant difference between the floating elderly who needed physical instruction and those who did not need physical instruction(P<0.05).The regression coefficient of the floating elderly who did not need physical instruction was-1.064,indicating that the floating elderly who did not need physical instruction had a negative correlation with their fitness needs.Therefore,the choice of fitness places and the subjective need for fitness instructors affect the fitness needs of the floating elderly.(3)Model 3 is the related to social capital variables influence on hangzhou city yuhang district elderly fitness demand flow analysis results,which R squared = 0.731(R~2 represents the correlation degree between independent variable and dependent variable,and the closer the value is to 1,the higher the correlation degree),shows that social capital flow related variables and the old man strongly correlated to the fitness requirements.Among them,the regression coefficient of the floating elderly whose main income sources depend on retirement funds and pension is 0.491,which is much higher than that of the floating elderly without stable income,indicating that the income source affects the fitness demand of the floating elderly,and the more stable the income of the floating elderly is,the higher the fitness demand is.(4)Model 4 is the flow characteristics of the relevant variables for hangzhou city yuhang district elderly fitness demand situation,the influence of flow analysis results R squared = 0.752(R~2 represents the correlation degree between independent variable and dependent variable,and the closer the value is to 1,the higher the correlation degree)show flow characteristics related variables and flow claus strongly correlated to the fitness requirements.The results show that,firstly,from the perspective of the reasons of mobility,the floating elderly who follow their families have higher fitness needs than the floating elderly who take care of their grandchildren.2.From the perspective of floating time,compared with floating old people whose floating time is less than two months,floating old people whose floating time is more than one year or who have settled down have higher demand for fitness.Therefore,the reasons for the floating elderly’s mobility and the duration of their mobility affect their fitness needs.Through questionnaire survey,interview and the comparative analysis of the fitness status of the floating elderly and the local elderly,this paper understands that the fitness needs of the floating elderly in Yuhang District of Hangzhou include physical testing needs,fitness organization needs,improvement of community fitness facilities needs and fitness guidance needs.Based on Logistic regression analysis of the fitness demands of the floating elderly in Yuhang District of Hangzhou,the factors affecting the fitness demands of the floating elderly in Yuhang District of Hangzhou are summarized with logical analysis.On the one hand,it is the factors of the floating elderly themselves,including the education level of the floating elderly,the reasons for their mobility,the main source of income and the duration of their mobility.On the other hand,there are external factors,including imperfect fitness facilities in the community,lack of community sports instructors,few fitness activities organized by the community,and lack of physical testing services for the floating elderly.Based on this,this paper puts forward measures to meet the fitness needs of the floating elderly in Yuhang District,Hangzhou according to the research results,mainly including several aspects: give play to the key role of family care;Regular maintenance of community fitness facilities,improve the utilization rate of community space;Guide sports instructors into the community;Enhance community organization capacity and publicity efforts.