Development And Application Of The Scale Of Middle School Students’ Attitude Towards Houseword

Since 2015,the state has paid more and more attention to labor education,and advocated children’s all-round development in morality,intelligence,physique,aesthetics,and labor.By engaging children in housework within their capacity,they can cultivate their sense of responsibility,exercise their self-care ability,and develop their sociality.Housework is one of the most accessible jobs for students in their daily life,which is conducive to shaping good moral character and maintaining physical and mental health.Secondary school is a critical period for physical and mental development,as well as fostering a good attitude towards housework.However,most of the current research is only a simple investigation of the current situation of students’ housework,as well as analysis of the influencing factors of students’ participation in housework.Foreign countries have also investigated the effect of housework on students’ physical and mental development.However,there is no research on students’ subjective attitude towards housework,and no reliable and valid scale is available.Therefore,this study combed the literature to discuss the structure of middle school students’ attitude towards housework and developed a scale,analyzed the characteristics of current middle school students’ attitude towards housework and investigated the relationship between middle school students’ attitude towards housework and their mental health.By combing the previous literature on housework and attitude,this paper puts forward the operational definition of housework attitude,that is,housework attitude refers to the individual’s subjective cognition,emotional experience and behavioral tendency of housework activity.The subjective cognition of housework refers to the individual’s cognition of housework,including its characteristics and value.Emotional experience of housework refers to the emotional experience experienced by individuals when they think about or engage in housework.The tendency of housework behavior refers to the willingness of individuals to spend time and energy and overcome certain difficulties to do housework.On the basis of literature reading,semi-structured interviews and open questionnaires were conducted among middle school students,information was collected and items were compiled,and a 22-question preliminary questionnaire was formed.232 middle school students were surveyed through school visits and 211 valid data were obtained.Disqualified items were deleted through item analysis and exploratory factor analysis,and a formal scale containing 15 items and 3 dimensions was finally formed.In the formal investigation,553 middle school students were surveyed through questionnaires and school visits,512 valid data were obtained,and SPSS21.0 and AMOS21.0 software were used to test the reliability and validity of the data.Finally we surveyed 631 students by means of the self-made housework attitude scale for middle school students and middle school students’ mental health scale and obtained 556 sets of valid data.Then we carried out a descriptive statistical analysis of the survey results and explored the difference of middle school students’ attitude toward housework in terms of demographic variables(gender,grade,family location,whether the only-child or not,presence of left-behind experience,the school’s location).It also analyzed the relationship between middle school students’ attitude towards housework and mental health.The study drew the following conclusions:1.The self-compiled scale of middle school students’ attitude towards housework contains 15 items,divided into three dimensions: subjective cognition of housework(7questions),emotional experience of housework(5 questions),and behavioral tendency of housework(3 questions).2.The self-compiled scale of middle school students’ attitude towards housework has good reliability and validity,and can be used as a tool to measure middle school students’ attitude towards housework.3.Middle school students generally have a high score on their attitude towards housework,especially on their subjective cognition of housework,but their score on their behavioral tendency towards housework is close to the average of the total table,which indicates that there is a gap between "knowing" and "doing" of their housework.The difference analysis of demographic variables shows that junior high school students are significantly higher than senior high school students in the total scale and emotional experience of housework.Students without left-behind experience score significantly higher on subjective cognition of housework than those with left-behind experience.Students whose schools are located in cities are significantly higher than those whose schools are located in rural areas in terms of total scale,subjective cognition of housework and emotional experience of housework.There were no significant differences in demographic variables such as gender,one-child status and household registration location.4.Middle school students’ housework attitude has a positive impact on their mental health,mainly the subjective cognition and emotional experience of housework have a positive impact on their mental health.