| Wushu is one of the main components of the physical education curriculum in higher education.Wushu can improve students’ physical and mental fitness,and can be divided into two categories according to the form of exercise: set sports and combat sports.Physical self-esteem includes a comprehensive assessment of one’s physical fitness,health,morphological characteristics and motor functions.Self-efficacy is the confidence one has in undertaking a particular sport or activity.Research has shown that the psychological stress profile of women today is more complex than that of men of the same age,and as they get older,the psychological profile becomes more complex,with some female students having less mental capacity and resistance.Therefore,there is an urgent need for schools to develop physical activity programmes that are popular with female students.The study used literature,mathematical and statistical methods,experimental methods,psychometric methods and logical analysis.A controlled experiment was conducted with first year female students in the Wushu public physical education class at Hubei Provincial College of Pedagogical Education and Training,in which female students who had not studied Wushu routines before were taught two types of Wushu routines,24-style Taijiquan and elementary three-way long fist,for a period of 18 weeks.A total of 120 questionnaires were returned,with 116 valid questionnaires and an effective rate of 96.67%.The school curriculum is influenced by a variety of factors,such as social needs,advances in technological knowledge,and changes in student development.These external factors are not specifically discussed in this paper.This paper focuses on whether the martial arts curriculum has a significant impact on the physical self-esteem and self-efficacy of female university students,and what specific aspects of the impact it has,in order to make suggestions for reference for the betterment of the martial arts curriculum and the improvement of students’ physical and mental health in universities.The study found the following:（1）A comparison test between students who had learned martial arts and those who had not found that in terms of physical self-esteem,those who had learned martial arts scored higher than those who had not,with a significant difference（p <0.01）.The difference in self-efficacy was statistically significant（p < 0.05）.（2）Before the intervention activity was conducted,there was no statistically significant difference in physical self-esteem and self-efficacy between the two groups of test subjects,24-style taijiquan and elementary three-way long boxing（p > 0.05）.It can be concluded that the two groups of subjects before the experiment were homogeneous in terms of physical self-esteem and all dimensions,and met the experimental conditions.（3）Before and after the experiment,all the scores of body self-esteem of the subjects in the 24-style taijiquan group after the experiment were higher than those before the experiment,among which,there was a highly significant difference in the improvement of body self-worth,physical attractiveness,physical condition and physical quality（p<0.001）.The scores of the subjects in the three-way long fist group were all higher after the experiment than before,and the differences were statistically significant.（4）The differences in self-efficacy scores between the 24-style taijiquan and three-way long boxing groups before and after the experiment were both statistically significant.The majority of female students were not sufficiently motivated to learn the three-way long boxing course.（5）After the experiment,in terms of physical self-esteem,the24-style taijiquan group scored higher than the elementary three-way long boxing group in terms of physical self-worth,athletic ability,physical condition,physical attractiveness and physical quality,and the differences were statistically significant;in terms of physical attractiveness,there was a highly significant difference between the 24-style taijiquan group and the elementary three-way long boxing group.（6）After the experiment,in terms of self-efficacy,the 24-style taijiquan group scored higher than the junior three-way long fist style group in parallel comparisons,and there was a significant difference between the two groups.The main findings are as follows:（1）After the experimental intervention group was trained in two martial arts courses,24-style taijiquan and primary three-way long boxing,martial arts had a significant effect on female university students’ body self-esteem and self-efficacy.（2）Before and after the experiment,the mean values of all dimensions of physical self-esteem were higher in the Taijiquan group compared to the Long Boxing group.The exercise time of the elementary three-way long boxing was about one minute.Since female students were first exposed to long boxing,and the movements of long boxing are more difficult and require higher physical fitness,they were easily fatigued during the exercise.However,both experimental groups showed an increase in the level of physical self-esteem of female university students at the school before and after the experiment,with Taijiquan improving more significantly.（3）The self-efficacy produced by female university students in martial arts learning can also appear different due to the differences in the movement mechanics of the types of boxing.The female tertiary students who participated in this study were not physically fit themselves causing them to have difficulty in meeting a range of martial arts standards in long boxing when they performed.In addition,there was a stronger association between success in the sport and aspects of self-efficacy for the female university students.Before and after the experiment,both types of martial arts had a positive contribution to self-efficacy,with Taijiquan having a greater positive contribution than Long Boxing.（4）By comparing the levels before and after the experiment,the total scores of each dimension of body self-esteem in the three-way long boxing experimental group increased correspondingly under the parallel comparison before and after the experiment,although the fluctuation range was narrow and the change was not significant.24 styles of taijiquan had a facilitating effect on the improvement of body self-esteem level of female university students,among which the improvement of body self-worth,physical attractiveness,physical condition and physical quality had a highly significant difference（p < 0.001）.Taijiquan was easier to master for female students who were new to martial arts,resulting in a more substantial improvement in all dimensions of body self-esteem after the experiment. |
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