The Impact Of The Experience Of Residential Mobility On The Change Of Residents’ Subjective Well-being

With the increasing number of migrants in China,residential mobility has become a common experience of more and more people.As an important personal issue,residential mobility outcomes have been increasingly concerned by the society.As a comprehensive reflection of the satisfaction of individual’s multiple needs,subjective well-being（SWB）is also an important index to measure the outcome of individual mobility.The relationship between residential mobility and SWB has been widely discussed.However,current domestic researches still focus more on the SWB after mobility.In fact,the SWB is to some extent the result of the comparison of residents’ living conditions before and after mobility.As the adaptation theory points out,the formation of residents’ subjective feelings will be judged by their past living conditions.If the current life is better than the past,they will feel happy.Therefore,in order to further clear the relationship between the individual mobility and its SWB,it is necessary to discuss whether and how changes in specific living conditions experienced by individuals before and after mobility change SWB,to understand which experience can make residents gain or lose SWB.This paper firstly reviews domestic and foreign studies on the impact of residential mobility on SWB,the impact of residential mobility on residential environment（including physical environment and social environment）and the impact of residential environment on SWB,and considering the relationship between geographical mobility and social mobility,the relationship between geographical mobility,social mobility and SWB is also sorted out.On this basis,analysis framework is constructed to explore two questions:（1）The influence of the experience of residential mobility（including the characteristics of mobility behavior,the change of geographical environment of the place of residence and the change of social interaction before and after residential mobility）on the change of SWB in different directions（decreases,remains unchanged,and increases）.（2）The change of social status before and after mobility is measured by the change of subjective social status（SSS）,so as to explore how the residential mobility experience affects the change of SWB through the change of SSS.This paper uses China Labor-Force Dynamics Survey（CLDS）data in 2012,2014 and 2016 and combined with city statistical data to screen out the follow-up samples who had mobility experience from 2012 to 2016.The effects of residential mobility experience on the change of SWB in different directions were discussed through Multinomial Logit Model.The relationship between the change of SSS and the change of SWB is analyzed by Structural Equation Model with mediation.It is found that the SWB and SSS of Chinese residents have been significantly improved after the residential mobility,and the physical environment and social interaction have also changed significantly to varying degrees.The regression results show that the residential mobility experience has an important impact on the changes of residents’ SWB.In particular,the increase of per capita park green area,the increase of per capita GDP level and the expansion of social network before and after the residential mobility could improve residents’ SWB.The loss of SWB was more likely to occur when people migrated across provinces,moved to middle or eastern regions of China,increased population density,and increased PM2.5 emission concentration.However,intercity residential mobility within the province,moving to the western region of China,increasing number of hospital beds,increasing land area for public facilities,and increasing green coverage in built-up areas can both promote and lose SWB,which may be related to the effect of this factor on SWB through different mechanisms.In addition,the study also found that the change of SSS of residents before and after residential mobility has a positive impact on the change of their SWB,and the improvement of SSS has a positive effect on SWB.In addition,intra-provincial intercity residential mobility,inter-provincial residential mobility,local settlement,the increase of hospital beds,the increase of land area for public facilities and the improvement of the degree of mutual assistance with neighbors can improve SWB through improving SSS.This paper draws the following enlightenment: In order to promote the SWB of the migrant population,it is necessary to continue to deepen the reform of the household registration system and promote the equalization of public services.Secondly,reasonable layout of urban construction land should be used to create a livable environment for migrants,such as rational allocation of urban park green land,public facilities and other construction land,and reasonable control of urban population density and air pollutant emission.Finally,attention should be paid to the subjective feelings and psychological status of migrants to promote their adaptation and integration into the destination.