Village-scale Analysis Of Resources, Environment And Farmers' Livelihood Transformation In Underdeveloped Mountainous Areas

With the continuous progress of urbanization,the level of urban and rural economic development continues to improve,in this process,the livelihood mode of farmers has changed.At the same time,with the upgrading of rural governance concept,the impact of resources and environment on Farmers' livelihood transformation has changed.The relationship between resources and environment and farmers' livelihood transformation is a significant research topic in the new development stage.Based on the concept of sustainable livelihood,it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study how resources and environment affect farmers' livelihood,whether they improve farmers' livelihood,and whether they promote the sustainable development of man land system.The western mountainous area of Henan Province is rich in resources,so this paper selects the administrative village of Luanchuan County in western Henan Province as the research area,systematically analyzes the impact of resources and environment on local farmers' livelihood,and studies the driving mechanism of resources and environment and farmers' livelihood transformation.Based on the statistical data of land census and related geographic data of administrative village in Luanchuan County,western Henan Province,this paper first divides the livelihood of farmers into four patterns,then compares the dynamic changes of livelihood patterns of farmers in 2006 and 2016,and finally constructs logit model to analyze the main factors affecting the livelihood transformation of farmers in the village scale.The results show :(1)The dynamic changes of farmers' livelihood patterns are different in different resource environments.In other words,the number of rural households whose livelihood pattern changed from non-agricultural concurrent type to agricultural concurrent type was higher than that from agricultural concurrent type to non-agricultural concurrent type.However,the livelihood transformation type of farmers in middle mountainous terrain is mainly non-agricultural,that is to say,the number of farmers whose livelihood mode is from agricultural part-time to non-agricultural part-time or agricultural type accounts for a large proportion.(2)The transformation of farmers' livelihood is influenced by the factors of capital endowment and resource environment.The factors of farmers' capital endowment have no significant influence on the agricultural mode of livelihood,while the number of productive machinery and equipment and the proportion of employees in the total number of people have a significant impact on the non-agricultural mode of livelihood.At the same time,whether agricultural technology training meeting,average cultivated land area,accessibility and terrain have significant influence on the livelihood transformation of farmers in resource and environment factors.Among them,the agricultural technology training meeting and the average cultivated land area of each household promote the farmers' livelihood agriculture,and accessibility promotes the non-agricultural of farmers' livelihood,while the impact of terrain on the change of livelihood mode is more complex.(3)Under different resource environment,the effect of livelihood transformation on Farmers' livelihood is different.For administrative villages with low mountain terrain,the growth rate of disposable income caused by agricultural transformation is higher than that caused by non-agricultural transformation;for administrative villages in middle mountainous terrain,the growth rate of disposable income caused by non-agricultural transformation is the largest.Based on the above conclusions,this paper puts forward some suggestions which are beneficial to the livelihood sustainability of farmers in Luanchuan County?...