Design Of Orthogonal Wind Pressure Anemometer Based On Multi-rotor UAV Platform

Wind speed and wind direction are essential meteorological elements in atmospheric detection.The use of multi-rotor UAVs as a wind measurement platform is of great significance for improving the temporal and spatial resolution of anemometry at small scales.However,the UAV's rotor wind field will cause massive interference to the wind measurement task,which is an urgent problem to be solved.This paper analyzed the flow field's distribution around the multi-rotor UAV and optimized the wind sensor's most suitable installation position.According to the sensor-position's spatial structure,proposed an adaptive UAV attitude wind pressure orthogonal decomposition wind measurement algorithm.Through multi-sensor data fusion,improved the accuracy of UAV attitude angle calculation.Designed the wind sensor's aerodynamic shape and built a windpressure wind measurement system based on a multi-rotor UAV platform.Verified the performance index of the scenario through experiments.The main research contents are as follows:1?Through CFD(Computational Fluid dynamics)software to simulated multi-rotor UAV flow field in various environments.Compared the turbulent field's strength in different areas.Found a relatively quiet zone on the outside of the drone blades,called the relatively-no-wind region.Suppose installed the wind sensors in this region can improve wind measurement accuracy and reduce the sensor's wind-resistance moment,thereby improving flight stability.2?Aiming at the relatively-no-wind region's characteristics,designed a suitable wind measurement model and an orthogonal wind pressure anemometry algorithm.It decomposes the wind pressure vector around the multi-rotor UAV,and base on the flight attitude of the UAV,establishes a six-degree-of-freedom correction matrix.Convert the vector in the body coordinate system to the geographic coordinate system,and then based on the Bernoulli equation,calculated the real-time wind speed and direction.Propose a multi-sensor fusion attitude analysis algorithm based on the Kalman filter,To improving the accuracy of attitude angle measurement.3?To further reduce the influence of rotor turbulence on wind measurement,we designed the sensors' structure.We used fairings to isolate rotor turbulence.And use a hard thin tube to capture the wind pressure,make the incoming flow entirely stationary,thereby converting the kinetic energy into pressure potential energy.The anemometry model is established in the Space Claim software,configures the flow field's environmental parameters in the Fluent software,and applies the k-? turbulence model to simulate and analyze the anti-turbulence ability of the sensor configuration.(4)Use KEIL5 to build an anemometry system based on the STM32.The main functions of the system are wind pressure collection,wind data processing,and data transmission.Experiment with the system in the virtual environment to verify its technical indicators.The experimental results show that: the system in-situ position wind speed measurement error is ± 0.3m / s,the wind error is ± 2 °;traveling position wind speed error is ± 0.7m / s,the wind error ±5°...