Pomegranate Peel Polyphenols Improve Colon Tissue Damage And Intestinal Flora Imbalance In Rats Induced By High-fat Diet

In recent years,due to changes in lifestyle and eating habits,high-fat diets represented by Western diets gradually become mainstream,but obesity and various related chronic diseases associated with high-fat diets have become more common.Such as intestinal diseases,type 2 diabetes,cancer and cardiovascular diseases and so on.These diseases have serious influences on people's normal life.Therefore,it is very important that finding substances in natural plants which can alleviate negative effects of high-fat diets to prevent obesity and related metabolic diseases.Pomegranate is a fruit with plentiful polyphenols.Among the different parts of pomegranate,the peel contains the highest polyphenol content.The main components include punicalagin,ellagic acid,punicalin,and gallic acid.Many studies showed that pomegranate peel polyphenols have a variety of pharmacological effects such as antitumor,antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,and lipid-lowering.This study will use pomegranate peel polyphenol extracts from Lintong,Shaanxi pomegranate as the test substance,and SD rats fed with high-fat diets as research objects.First,researching effect of pomegranate peel polyphenols on the body weight,the level of serum TC,TG,and LDL on high-fat diet rats.Second,the effect of pomegranate peel polyphenols on repairing oxidative damage and tight connectivity of colon tissues reduction caused by high-fat diets was investigated.Finally,we explored effects on pomegranate peel polyphenols regulating gut microbiota structure and impacting SCFAs production.Main results are as follows:(1)At the end of 12-weeks feeding period,SD rats in the high-fat diet group significantly increased their weight and levels of serum total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),and low-density lipoprotein(LDL).Then,these above indicators significantly reduced by pomegranate peel polyphenols,which indicates that pomegranate peel polyphenols have effects on reducing serum lipid and weight.(2)Pomegranate peel polyphenols can significantly increase the total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)and the activity of total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD)in colon tissues on high-fat diet rats,which showed it have effect on alleviating colonic oxidative damage.(3)Pomegranate peel polyphenols can repaire the intestinal mucosal barrier function by significantly increase the expression level of tight junction proteins ZO-1 and Claudin-1 in rats colon tissues.(4)Pomegranate peel polyphenols can regulate the abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes,and F/B ratio of gut microbiota on SD rats fed high-fat diets,moreover changing abundance of several genus related to short-chain fatty acid(SCFA)production such as Paraprevotella,Lactobacillus,Anaerotruncus significantly.At the same time,pomegranate peel polyphenols significantly increased contents of beneficial short-chain fatty acids in rat feces,for example,acetic acid,propionic acid and butyric acid,suggesting that it have effect on gut microbiota structure regulation,and may affect the production of short-chain fatty acids by regulating the structure of gut microbiota(5)Pomegranate peel polyphenols significantly increased TC and TG contents in feces of rats,indicating that it can play a role in reducing lipids and weight by promoting lipids excretion.