Functional Exploration Of Human Serum-bound ZnO Nanoparticles Derived From Zinc Gluconate

Background: Globally,renal cell carcinoma(RCC)is one of the most common malignancies at present;poor efficacy of anticancer drugs is the leading cause of death in RCC patients.Rapid diagnosis and targeted drug therapy are beneficial to improve efficacy and improve survival.However,it is often required that the agent have multiple functions.Nanomaterials have the characteristics of optical imaging and increased drug delivery,and there is a great potential for effective treatment of cancer.Therefore,it is important to study a nanocarrier with low toxicity,long-circulation and metabolizable,targetable to support drugs for the treatment of RCC patients.Methods: Here,we explored the functionalization of Zn O nanoparticles synthesized in vitro using human serum and zinc gluconate as the main raw materials under certain conditions.In this study,electron microscopy,orbitrap mass spectrometry,Dot Blot,EDS,DLS and other means were used to characterize the discovered nanoparticles.The biocompatibility and biological function analysis of Zn O nanoparticles were carried out by using human blood,kidney HEK293 cell line,nude mouse organs,etc.,including hemolysis experiment,CCK-8 experiment,HE staining experiment,protein immunoblotting experiment,flow apoptotic experiment,small animal in vivo imaging experiment,nude mice subcutaneous injection tumor formation experiment,nude mice kidney injection tumor formation experiment;TUNEL staining method to explore the apoptosis of cells in tumor tissues after treated with Zn O nanoparticles loaded with daunorubicin.Results: In this study,nanoparticle characterization results show that human albumin plays a very important role in the formation of bio-Zn O nanoparticles,which not only increases the biocompatibility of nanoparticles but also helps the metabolism of nanoparticles.Functional analysis showed that the relatively large particle size Zn O nanoparticles encapsulated in vitro have excellent tumor targeting ability,mainly through passively targeted EPR effect;The anticancer drug daunorubicin(DNR)is significantly enhanced in its cytotoxicity after loading on Zn O nanoparticles,and apoptosis was mainly through caspase signaling.Further studies have shown that DNR is more easily absorbed by tumor tissue through the blood circulation system after being loaded on Zn O nanoparticles,and the tumor volume is significantly reduced after continuous treatment.Conclusions: Our results indicate that human albumin-based Zn O nanoparticles synthesized in vitro have good biocompatibility,excellent tumor targeting ability,and the ability to deliver anticancer drugs as drug carriers to improve therapeutic efficacy.This may provide a new treatment strategy for clinical treatment of renal cell carcinoma.