| Fu-Brick tea belongs to the black tea in the six major tea categories.In recent years,its technology has been continuously improved,and it has gradually become a kind of black tea made by screening and separating,steaming,heaping,pressing,forming,blooming and drying.A kind of post-fermented tea,and the unique "flowering" process of Fu-Brick tea will make it show completely different quality and flavor from other teas.The research on the scientific named E.Cristatum,a microorganism that plays a vital role in the "flowering" process of Fu-Brick tea,is currently relatively small,and generally focuses on the effective of Fu-Brick tea and the fungus in reducing fat and weight loss.There are some anti-inflammatory substances in E.Cristatum and its extracts but few studies on these anti-inflammatory substances and the anti-inflammatory activity of E.Cristatum.The new epidemiology shows that the incidence of ulcerative colitis（UC）in China is increasing.However,the incidence of UC in the origin and consumption areas of Fu-Brick tea in Xi’an and the northwest China is about 1/4 to 1/5 as compared with population in southern cities such as Guangzhou and Wuhan.In this study,E.cristatum was used as the research material,the fungus and its intracellular polysaccharides were extracted after culture,and healthy male Kunming mice were used as experimental animals.Colitis in mice was induced by Dextran Sulphate Sodium（DSS）,the efficacy of E.Cristatum and its intracellular polysaccharide in the prevention and treatment of colitis was discussed for the first time.Based on the research on the efficacy and mechanism of E.Cristatum against colitis,16S rRNA sequencing technology and functional prediction were used for the first time to analyze the role and mechanism of E.Cristatum against colitis.The main conclusions are as follows:（1）E.Cristatum treatment can increase the body weight and colon length of colitis mice,reduce the DAI of colitis mice,increase IL-22 and reduce the content of factors such as IL-10 and TNF-a,reduce the accumulation of inflammation in colon tissue,and fungus can alleviate the histopathological damage of colon tissue in mice caused by colitis;（2）E.Cristatum treatment can change the structure and diversity of the gut microbiota of colitis mice,increase the abundance of Firmicutes,reduce the abundance of Bacteroidetes,and significantly increase the abundance of g-Lactobacillus at the genus level;intestinal flora;The results of functional prediction analysis showed that E.Cristatum treated with altered intestinal flora can improve the processes of membrane transport,metabolism and body immunity in mice,enhance the abundance of amino acid metabolism,short-chain fatty acid metabolism and other pathways,and significantly enrich tryptophan acid metabolism pathway;（3）E.Cristatum treatment increases the levels of short-chain fatty acids especially butyric acid in colitis mice,E.Cristatum change the content of tryptophan（Try）,indole-3-acetamide（13AM）,indole-3-aldehyde（IAAld）and indole acetic acid（IAA）.In addition,the fungus can increase Try metabolism and inhibits its metabolism to I3AM,thereby increasing the content of IAA and IAAld,thus enhancing the intestinal barrier and enhancing the intestinal mucosal protein ZO-1,Occludin and Claudin-1 expression;On this basis,this experiment explored the effect of intracellular polysaccharide treatment of E.cristatum on colitis mice,analyzed the feces by non-target metabolomics,and performed a simultaneous analysis of the metabolite results with the KEGG database.And the main conclusions were show:（1）E.Cristatum Intracellular Polysaccharide treatment can increase the body weight and colon length of colitis mice,reduce the DAI of colitis mice,increase the content of IL-22 in colon tissue and reduce the content of factors such as IL-10 and TNF-a.Relieve the accumulation of inflammation and improve the histopathological damage of colon tissue in colitis mice;（2）E.Cristatum Intracellular Polysaccharide treatment can significantly increase the level of short-chain fatty acids in DSS-induced colitis mice,and significantly increase the content of acetic acid,butyric acid and isobutyric acid;（3）E.Cristatum Intracellular Polysaccharide treatment can change mouse fecal metabolites.Based on metabolomics analysis,it mainly affects the tryptophan metabolism,mutual conversion of pentose sugar and glucuronate,pyruvate metabolism,steroid hormone synthesis and tyrosine metabolism,and the analysis based on LC-QQQ-MS shows that E.Cristatum Intracellular Polysaccharide treatment promotes Try metabolism but inhibits Try metabolism to I3AM,increases IAA and IAAld levels,promotes expression of tight-junctions proteins and AhRIn this study,Eurotium Cristatum,the important microorganisms in the specific Chinese post-fermented tea Fu-Brick tea was used with as experimental materials to explore the effects and mechanisms of its and its intracellular polysaccharides in preventing and relieving colitis through animal experiments,respectively.16S rRNA sequencing of gut microbiota technology,non-target metabonomics technology and Western Blot were used to explore the potential mechanism.The study found that Eurotium Cristatum can alleviate the accumulation of inflammation in mice caused by colitis,and its mechanism may be through regulating the disorder of the gut microbiota of colitis mice and regulating the short chain fatty acids,affecting the metabolism of tryptophan to enhance the intestinal barrier.LC-Q-TOF-MS and metabonomics have found that Eurotium Cristatum intracellular polysaccharides can alleviate the accumulation of inflammation in mice with colitis.The mechanism may be through affecting the metabolism of tryptophan thus to strengthen the intestinal barrier.This experiment provides a new diet for the prevention and treatment of colitis,and also provides a theoretical basis for the use of intracellular polysaccharides of Eurotium Cristatum and Eurotium Cristatum intracellular polysaccharides as probiotics and prebiotics for colitis,respectively. |
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