One-step Separation Technology Of Waste Polyester/cotton Textile Components And Its Application Of Cellulose

With the increase of the global population and the rapid development of the textile industry,a large number of waste textiles are produced,which not only causes a waste of resources but also seriously pollutes the environment.Most of the millions of tons of textile waste produced every year are polyester/cotton textiles.Recycling them can not only solve the problem of cotton shortage but also be used as a sustainable source of raw cotton or polyester.It can also be used to produce other new products to achieve the reuse of resources and reduce environmental pollution.Therefore,it is of great significance for the recycling of waste polyester/cotton textiles.At present,the common method of separating waste polyester/cotton fabrics is the "two-step method",that is,mechanical + chemical method.To further improve the separation method,this paper developed a "one-step method",that is,the chemical method to treat waste polyester/cotton fabrics.First of all,the waste polyester/cotton fabrics were separated by one-step method and two-step method respectively.The results showed that cotton fiber and polyester fiber with cotton fiber were separated by the two-step method,and pulpy cotton fiber and fabric-like polyester were separated by the one-step method.The polyester obtained by the two methods had not been destroyed,and the separation effect of the one-step method was better.Cotton nanocellulose was obtained by homogenizing the cotton fiber(pulp)separated by the above two methods.The results were analyzed by nanoparticle size,zeta potential,X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and thermogravimetric analysis(TGA),it was concluded that the cotton nanocellulose prepared by one-step method had small particle size,stable solution state,high crystallinity,obvious fibrillation,uniform diameter,and less than 100 nm,and good thermal stability.In summary,the properties of cotton fiber separated by the one-step method and cotton nanocellulose prepared by the one-step method were better than those by the two-step method.The aerogel prepared from cotton nanocellulose extracted by the one-step method had the characteristics of porous,high elasticity and compressibility,and can be used in pressure sensors.Through the performance test and analysis of micro-force tester and flexible sensor,the sensitivity of cotton nano-cellulose conductive electrical gel pressure sensor could reach 123.55 k Pa when the applied pressure was 2.7 k Pa?8.5 k Pa,and its response to resistance was still stable when the number of compression cycles reached 300;when the applied force was 28.29 k Pa,the conductive aerogel was compressed by about 67 % and returns to the initial height immediately after withdrawing pressure.The test wrist,finger,pulse and so on all had a stable response.The sensor had high sensitivity,good stability,and high compressibility,so it had a wide application prospect in the field of flexible wearable pressure sensors.