Effects Of Lactic Acid Bacteria Fermented Prickly Pear Juice On Immunity And Intestinal Microecology In Mice

Rosa roxburghii Tratt is a Rosaceae plant,mainly distributed in southwest China,especially Guizhou Province has the most abundant resources.Rosa roxburghii Tratt is rich in vitamin C,SOD,flavonoids,polysaccharides,polyphenols and triterpenes.Rosa roxburghii Tratt has the functions of invigorating the stomach and digesting food.Modern studies have confirmed that prickly pear has a positive therapeutic effect on diseases such as scurvy,diabetes,and indigestion.However,prickly pear contains a lot of tannins,which makes its taste sour and unacceptable for most people.In this study,Lactobacillus paracasei SR10-1 was used to ferment Rosa roxburghii Tratt juice,which can degrade and transform tannins and improve its sensory quality.In order to further clarify its nutritional quality and functional characteristics,the in vitro hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of the fermented Rosa roxburghii Tratt liquid and the in vivo effects on the immunity and intestinal microecology of mice were studied.To explore the functional changes of Rosa roxburghii Tratt juice before and after fermentation and its regulating effect on the intestinal microecology of mice,the main research results and conclusions are as follows:(1)Using Lactobacillus paracasei SR10-1 to ferment prickly pear juice,take vitamin C,total acid content and sensory scores as evaluation indicators,and list the ratio of material to liquid,fermentation time,fermentation temperature,inoculation amount and white sugar addition amount.Use single-factor experiment and response surface analysis optimization.The optimal fermentation process is determined as follows:the ratio of material to liquid is 1:4,the fermentation temperature is 32°C,the fermentation time is 64.5 h,the inoculum amount is 4.3%,and the white sugar addition amount is 9.7%.Under these conditions,the Vc content in fermented Rosa roxburghii Tratt juice is 466.27±3.81 mg/100g,the sensory score is 83.25±1.30,the total acid content is 5.33±0.15 g/kg,the flavonoid content is 1.57±0.07 mg/ml,and the total phenol content is 209.00±6.40 mg/kg,tannin content decreased from 515.10±23.48mg/kg to 27.88±4.56 mg/kg,SOD 3442.94±108.40 U/g tissue wet weight.Rosa roxburghii Tratt juice is fermented by Lactobacillus paracasei SR10-1,the tannin content is significantly reduced,the taste is improved,and the nutrients are retained.(2)Using Lactobacillus paracasei SR10-1,Lactobacillus casei H1,and Lactobacillus plantarum LP to ferment Rosa roxburghii Tratt juice to compare the ability of Rosa roxburghii Tratt fermented liquid to lower blood sugar and blood lipids.In terms of hypoglycemic ability,SR10-1 fermented prickly pear juice has the strongest inhibitory ability on?-glucosidase activity,with an IC₅₀ value of 3.10×10^-3±3.43×10^-4mg/m L.The GDRI index reflects the ability of the sample to delay the absorption of glucose in the gastrointestinal tract.After 30 minutes and 60 minutes of dialysis,the GDRI of SR10-1 fermented Rosa roxburghii Tratt juice is the highest,reaching92.62±4.31%and 71.86±2.11%,respectively.Higher than the GDRI of Rosa roxburghii Tratt juice and H1,LP fermented Rosa roxburghii Tratt juice(p<0.05).In terms of blood lipid-lowering ability,the blood lipid-lowering ability of Rosa roxburghii Tratt juice fermented by lactic acid bacteria is stronger than that of Rosa roxburghii Tratt raw juice.Among them,SR10-1 fermented Rosa roxburghii Tratt juice has the most binding ability to sodium taurocholate,sodium glycocholate and cholesterol micelle Strong,respectively 1.10±0.03 mol/m L,2.57±0.18 mol/m L and 2.78±0.06?mol/m L.In terms of its ability to inhibit pancreatic lipase,Rosa roxburghii Tratt juice has an inhibitory rate of 58.87±3.44%for 15 U/IU pancreatic lipase,which is stronger than that of fermented Rosa roxburghii Tratt juice.(3)The SR10-1 fermented Rosa roxburghii Tratt juice with the best ability was selected for in vivo experiments in mice.The results showed that Rosa roxburghii Tratt juice,SR10-1 fermented Rosa roxburghii Tratt juice,SR10-1 bacterial suspension can effectively promote the immune organ index,immunoglobulin(Ig G,Ig A),The content of Tnf-?,the effect of the three is not significant.Among them,SR10-1 fermented Rosa roxburghii Tratt juice can more effectively reduce the content of serum inflammatory factors(IL1-?,IL-8)compared with Rosa roxburghii Tratt juice and SR10-1 bacterial suspension,thereby reducing the level of inflammation and preventing cancer.At the antioxidant level,SR10-1 fermented Rosa roxburghii Tratt juice,Rosa roxburghii Tratt juice and SR10-1 bacterial suspension can enhance the antioxidant capacity of mice with weakened immunity(T-AOC capacity,GSH content,SOD activity,MDA content)to improve immunity.The best effect is the SR10-1 fermented Rosa roxburghii Tratt juice medium dose group(RCLM group 0.1 m L/10g),T-AOC capacity 1.98±0.11?mol/m L,GSH content 491.86±28.22?g/m L,SOD activity 197.80±8.80 U/ml,the MDA content is 0.63±0.05 mmol/m L.The above results indicate that Rosa roxburghii Tratt Juice after SR10-1 fermentation significantly improves the immunity of mice with weakened immunity,reduces the body's inflammatory factors,and increases the level of antioxidants.(4)Through the analysis of the diversity of the intestinal flora of mice,it is found that Rosa roxburghii Tratt juice,SR10-1 fermented Rosa roxburghii Tratt juice,and SR10-1 bacterial suspension can effectively improve the richness and structure of the intestinal flora of mice with weakened immunity.Rosa roxburghii Tratt Juice high-dose group(CLH group 0.15 m L/10g)can increase the abundance of Faecalibaculum rodentium,Lactobacillus johnsonii,Lactobacillus reuteri,Lactobacillus acidophilus and other beneficial bacteria,and reduce the abundance of Enterococcus casseliflavus,Enterobacter and other harmful bacteria;The SR10-1 fermented Rosa roxburghii Tratt juice medium dose group(0.1 m L/10g in the RCLM group)can increase the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Providencia vermicola,Alcaligenes faecalis,Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron,Lactobacillus johnsonii,Lactobacillus reuteri,Lactobacillus acidophilus and other harmful bacteria,and reduce the abundance of harmful bacteria such as Providencia vermicola,Alcaligenes faecalis,Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron,Lactobacillus johnsonii,Lactobacillus reuteri,Lactobacillus acidophilus and other harmful bacteria.