Investigation And Analysis Of Heavy Metal Content In Edible Fungi In Guizhou Province And Research On Its Influencing Factors

Guizhou Province has beautiful mountains and clear waters,good environmental conditions,and climatic conditions suitable for the growth of a variety of characteristic and rare edible fungi.Guizhou Province has listed the edible fungus industry as the "five major" development industries for rural industrial restructuring and poverty alleviation,and the edible fungus industry has also achieved rapid development.However,there are still few studies on the content and health risk assessment of heavy metal elements in the main cultivated edible fungi in Guizhou Province.In this study,5 kinds of cultivated edible mushrooms and their cultivation substrates were selected from 62 edible mushroom enterprises in Qianxinan Prefecture,Zunyi City and Bijie City of Guizhou Province,and the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer and atomic fluorescence spectrophotometer were used to determine the Lead(Pb),arsenic(As),mercury(Hg),cadmium(Cd),and chromium(Cr)content of five heavy metals,using Nemeiro comprehensive pollution index method and target hazard coefficient method to pollute heavy metals in edible fungi Evaluate its health exposure risk,and calculate the enrichment coefficient of each edible fungus to heavy metals in the cultivation substrate.The main findings are as follows:1.The over-standard rates of lead,arsenic,cadmium,mercury,and chromium in the five edible fungi are 0.00%,0.59%,8.81%,2.09%,and 0.19% respectively.The over-standard phenomenon of cadmium in edible fungi is more serious.The overstandard rate of cadmium in morels was 33.9%,the over-standard rate of cadmium in bamboo fungus was 12.9%,and the over-standard rate of mercury was 11.3%.The over-standard rate of two edible fungi was higher than that of other edible fungi.The average content of 5 heavy metals in edible fungi is Cd>Pb>As>Cr>Hg.2.The single-factor pollution index results show that the cadmium pollution index in morels has reached a light pollution level,and the mercury pollution index in bamboo fungus has reached the warning limit.Cadmium is the main pollution factor for three types of edible fungi: shiitake mushrooms,oyster mushrooms,and morels.;Lead is the main pollution factor of heavy metals in fungus;Mercury is the main pollution factor of heavy metals in bamboo fungus.3.The results of the evaluation of the health risk of heavy metals in edible fungi show that the edible fungi surveyed by adults have no obvious dietary risk of heavy metal intake,while the intake of morels by children has a certain dietary health risk of cadmium.From the perspective of the compound risk of heavy metals,the four edible fungi,mushrooms,oyster mushrooms,morels,and bamboo fungus all have a certain risk of heavy metal dietary intake for children.The contribution rate of the four heavy metals to the compound health risk is As>Cd>Pb>Hg>Cr.4.In the edible fungus cultivation substrate,the arsenic and cadmium in the mushroom cultivation substrate,the arsenic in the oyster mushroom cultivation substrate,the cadmium in the morel cultivation substrate and the lead pollution index in the bamboo fungus cultivation substrate have reached the warning limit.The comprehensive pollution index value of the Morchella cultivation substrate also reached the warning limit.Comprehensive pollution level Morel cultivation medium>Dictyophora japonicus cultivation medium>Shiitake mushroom cultivation medium>Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation medium>Agaric fungus cultivation medium.5.The enrichment coefficients of heavy metals in the five edible fungi are:Shiitake: Cd>Hg>Pb>As>Cr;Pleurotus ostreatus: Hg>Cd>Pb>As>Cr;Morel:Cd>Hg>As>Cr >Pb;fungus: Pb>Hg>Cd>As>Cr;bamboo fungus: Hg>Cd>As>Pb>Cr.