Acid-base And Grid-structured Triboelectric Nanogenerators

In recent years,with the rapid development of portable and wearable wireless devices and the popularization of fifth-generation（5G）technology,small electronic devices such as smart electronic watches,smart bracelets and smart glasses have become more and more popular,but it is inevitable.The reason is that due to the trend toward miniaturization of the equipment and the loss of the battery during use,the replacement of the power supply of the equipment becomes more and more troublesome.As an efficient and environmentally friendly blue energy source,triboelectric nanogenerator（TENG）provides a new way to power small electronic devices.In this article,we introduced the safety applications of acid and alkali-resistant TENG and TENG with grating structure.With the development of technology,environmental problems have become more and more acute,and the use of electronic devices in harsh environments has gradually attracted attention.For example,the friction layer of TENG may be contaminated and corroded in harsh environments（such as acidic,alkaline or oily environments）,resulting in damage or destruction of TENG.In this work,we use electrospinning and followed sintering process to prepare super hydrophobic sintered polyvinylalcohol polytetrafluoroethylene composite membrane and general industrial oil-absorbing paper to construct TENG.The maximum power density of TENG is 261 m W m^-2,it can light up100 blue LED,and can power a variety of small electronic devices.Moreover,after 72 h of soaking the friction layer in strong acid solution followed by strong alkali solution,the performance of TENG has no obvious change.The TENG can work stably in oily working environment.The TENG provides a novel approach for self-powered sensors that work in harsh environments.The rapid development of flexible and wearable electronics has proposed a trend towards miniaturization,mobility,versatility and artificial intelligence.TENGs can take the micro/nano multi-functional materials to harvest and store energy from the surrounding environment efficiently,which can drive the smart portable electronics operating continuously and steadily.The increase in the output power density of the triboelectric nanogenerator requires new designs.In chapter three,a new grating TENG was proposed,and the two friction layers were fabricated by near-field electrospinning and conventioanl electrospinning with two parallel electrodes as collector,respectively.We found that this nanogenerator can achieve a very high output of 1800 W m-2 due to more refined grating structure combined with modification of contact area.The TENG can also be used as a self-powered sensor to detect mechanical signals,which requires no additional power source to drive it.Meanwhile,the anisotropy nature of the TENG can also be utilized to sense angle,lock devices or encrypt information.This output control technology provides a more effective idea for future output power improvement,that is,a new generation of high-output TENGs can be designed by effectively adjusting the corresponding contact area and electrode area.