Research And Design Of Automatic Tapping Equipment Based On Vision Technology

The internal thread processing of aerospace parts usually adopts the method of manual tapping,which has low intelligence and slow processing speed,and the qualified rate of tapping is not high under high-intensity operations.Therefore,an automatic tapping equipment based on vision technology is designed to improve the level of intelligent processing,reduce labor intensity,and improve the qualified rate of tapping under high-intensity operations.First,the overall layout of the automatic tapping equipment was determined,the appropriate transmission scheme was selected,the visual camera,light source,motor,etc.were selected and designed according to the modularization,and the platform base and related fixtures were designed according to the operation requirements.Finally,The 3D modeling software is used to complete the model assembly of the automatic tapping equipment based on vision technology,and the related parts of the automatic tapping equipment are assembled and debugged.The realization of automatic tapping equipment requires the use of vision technology.This paper focuses on the calibration of vision devices and the recognition and positioning of images.Through the modeling of the visual camera,the transformation relationship between the spatial coordinates of the object and the corresponding pixel coordinates is given,and the Zhang Zhengyou calibration method is discussed in detail,and the calibration steps suitable for this topic are proposed.of internal and external parameters.At the same time,the hand-eye calibration of the whole equipment is completed,and the transformation matrix of the camera coordinate system and the end effector coordinate system is solved.In the chapter of image processing,the workpiece image is preprocessed first,and the image is corrected by the calibrated camera parameters.The bilateral filtering operator is used to effectively suppress the image noise.Different edge detection algorithms are compared and analyzed,and the thread The contour of the bottom hole is tracked,and the target threaded hole is identified by the method of circle fitting and Hough circle detection based on the principle of least squares.The conversion from the workpiece pixel coordinates to the end effector coordinates of the whole machine during tapping is given.Finally,the overall scheme of the control system of the automatic tapping equipment is completed,and the basic structure of the control system is expounded.The communication flow between the host computer and PLC is described,and the graphic interface of the host computer is designed.Finally,the tapping test was carried out on the automatic tapping equipment,which verified the thread processing capability of the automatic tapping equipment based on vision technology.