Research On Kindergarten Design Strategy Based On Sunlight Environment Optimizatio

With the continuous development of China’s society and the improvement of people’s living standards,people are paying more and more attention to the construction of basic education,and more and more parents are putting forward higher requirements for kindergartens as the educational enlightenment of children.It is found through research that daylight environment and natural light are inextricably related to children’s physical and mental health,but the daylight environment of kindergarten as a weak link in kindergarten design has not received sufficient attention,and the problem of daylight is constantly affecting the growth environment of children.In this context,how to improve the daylight environment of kindergartens has become a crucial issue at this stage.This paper takes Jinan city as an example to study the optimal design of kindergarten daylighting environment.Firstly,we summarize the current situation of research on daylighting environment in kindergartens at home and abroad,and the research methods on daylighting,and conduct research on some kindergartens in Jinan city,and analyze the actual cases to find many problems in kindergarten daylighting environment.Secondly,the theories related to the national sunlight standards and the principles and methods of sunlight calculation were compiled and studied to provide a certain theoretical basis for the following simulation analysis of the kindergarten sunlight environment.The simulation process was also designed for the kindergarten daylighting problem found in the research,and the simulation method to explore the factors influencing the kindergarten daylighting environment was determined.Based on the understanding of the kindergarten design content and functions,the research process was divided into three parts: daylight optimization in the general plan direction,daylight optimization in the kindergarten living unit,and daylight optimization in the activity site and greenery.Firstly,in the process of daylight study of the general plan of kindergarten,the factors influencing its daylight: building orientation,building spacing,plan layout form and so on are analyzed.We also analyzed three types of layout: building and site north-south layout,building and site east-west layout and building surrounding site,and made simulations by using building line analysis,sunlight cone analysis and plane area analysis.In addition,the optimization strategy of replacing the full envelope with a half envelope and reducing the width of the building blocks on the south side is proposed.In the study of daylighting factors of kindergarten living units,the concept of indoor daylighting rate is introduced,so that the daylighting calculation does not only stop at full window daylighting,but also analyzes the indoor living units.The factors influencing indoor daylight in kindergarten living units are investigated in terms of plan form,section form and window opening form.It is proposed that for the more regular living unit rooms,the ratio of width to depth of the room is 0.8～1.2 to ensure a better indoor sunlight environment while satisfying the room usage effect,but for the less regular room shape,it is better to keep it between 0.8～0.9;also according to the actual indoor sunlight situation of the living unit,different optimization methods such as floor height,window height and window width can be chosen to The indoor daylighting can be optimized in different ways according to the actual indoor daylighting of the living unit.In addition,in the analysis of kindergarten activity sites and greenery for sunlight optimization,through the analysis of the content and function of the activity sites,combined with the site sunlight environment proposed: in winter,coupling sunlight and young children’s sunlight laws to arrange the activity sites,can improve the utilization rate of sunlight;summer can use the all-day radiation intensity model to solve the problem of excess sunlight.At the same time,according to the different types and characteristics of green plants,we proposed an optimization strategy to combine the characteristics of different plants with the sunlight environment of the whole site,such as planting tall trees in the location where shade is needed and ornamental flowers or fruit trees in the planting area.Finally,the optimized design strategies related to sunlight derived from the simulation analysis were applied to the actual project of kindergarten in Jinan Jinghuayuan District.For the different characteristics and sunlight problems of the kindergarten,the optimized strategies summarized in the analysis of chapters 3,4 and 5 were used to propose refined designs for the general plan,living units and activity fields,and greenery of the kindergarten,respectively,and through the evaluation and comparison of the sunlight environment of the kindergarten before and after the adjustment,it was verified that The daylighting situation of the kindergarten was significantly improved through the optimized design.This paper expects to propose kindergarten design methods and ideas that focus on the kindergarten daylight environment,and provide diverse perspectives and ideas to enhance children’s learning and living environment.