Comparison Of Fruit Quality Of Prickly Pear In Main Producing Areas Of Guizhou Province And Nutrient Characteristics Of Leaves Per High-yielding Plant

Rosa roxburghii Tratt is a characteristic fruit tree industry that has been developed in Guizhou in recent years.At present,the economic cultivation area of the province has exceeded 130,000 hm2.The main cultivars is 'Gui nong 5',which is mainly distributed in 4 cities and prefectures including Liupanshui City,Qiannan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture,Zunyi City and Bijie City.Due to the different climate and environmental conditions and cultivation management in different regions,the fruit quality of 'Gui nong 5' is diverse in different production regions.It is undoubtedly necessary and urgent for companies to choose processing raw materials to understand the representative quality characteristics of different origins.At the same time,understanding the difference of soil and tree nutrient level,deficiency and its relationship with yield and quality in different producing areas of Rosa roxburghii Tratt is the theoretical basis for scientific fertilization.In this study,84 soil and mineral nutrients of leaves and quality indexes of mature fruit from 32 planting bases in 4 main planting areas of the province were measured and analyzed.The main results are as follows:1.The fruit quality of Rosa roxburghii tratt in four different main cultivation areas has its own characteristics: The fruits of Qiannan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture had the best taste due to high sugar and low acid contend.The fruits of Liupanshui City had the highest vitamin C(Vc)content,and the fruits of Bijie City had the highest content of active substances such as flavonoids and triterpenes.The quality of the fruits grew in the Zunyi city is the most balanced.As far as orchard production is concerned.The average fruit weight of Yunhe orchard(YNH)in Liupanshui was the highest,and that of Danxia orchard(DX)had the highest average soluble solids and total phenol content;the fruit taste of Rosa roxburghii Tratt in guiding orchard(GD)of Qiannan Prefecture was the best due to high sugar and low acid,and the activity of SOD was the strongest;the average content of vitamin C(Vc)in Meitan orchard(MT)of Zunyi was the highest.The content of flavonoids and triterpenoids in Bihai orchard(BH)was the highest.Principal component analysis showed that the comprehensive score of orchard in Guiding County of Qiannan Prefecture was the highest and the performance was the best.2.The soil and tree mineral nutrients in the main production areaof Rosa roxburghii: From the perspective of soil nutrient profit and loss,the excessive level of soil nutrients are total nitrogen,exchangeable calcium,exchangeable magnesium,available manganese,available iron and availablecopper;the high level of nutrients are organic matter,alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus and available zinc;the total phosphorus is in the appropriate range,while the total potassium,available potassium and available boron are in the extremely deficient range.The results showed thatthecontents of Fe,Zn and B(74.84 mg/kg;12.12 mg/kg;35.56 mg/kg)in theleaves of Rosa roxburghii Tratt in Liupanshui region were deficient;the contents of Ca(1.25 %)in the leaves of Rosa roxburghii Tratt in Zunyi and Bijie regions were deficient;the contents of N(1.82 %;1.91 %)in the leaves of Rosa roxburghii Tratt in Qiannan prefecture were good.The correlation analysis of leaf nutrition and fruit quality index showed that thecontent of N in leaves was significantly positively correlated with the content of soluble sugar;the content of P in leaves was significantly negatively correlated with the content of titratable acid;the content of K in leaves was significantly negatively correlated with the content of soluble solids and vitamin C(Vc),and was significantly positively correlated with the content of total triterpenoids and the activity of SOD;the content of Mg was significantly positively correlated with the content of total triterpenoids The content of Mn in leaves was positively correlated with the fruit weight,soluble solids and total phenols,and negatively correlated with the content of triterpenoids and SOD activity.3.The nutrient characteristics of high yield single plant: The results showed that the contents of N,P,K,Ca,Mg,Mn and Cu in the leaves of high yield Rosa roxburghii Tratt were at the appropriate level,except for Fe,Zn and B in the leaves of high yield Rosa roxburghii Tratt;while the contents of N,P,Fe,Zn and B in the leaves of low yield Rosa roxburghii Tratt were at the deficient level,except K,Ca,Mg,Mn and Cu in the leaves of low yield Rosa roxburghii Tratt.In addition,the contents of N,P,K,Fe,Mn,Cu,Zn and B in leaves of high yield plants were significantly higher than those of low yield plants except Ca and Mg.The results showed that increasing the contents of N,P and Fe,Zn,B was the key link of nutrition management to improve the yield of Rosa roxburghii Tratt.