The Analysis Of The Characteristics And Influencing Factors Of Intergenerational Flow Of Chinese Subjective Social Status-Based On Hierarchical Linear Model

Over the past 40 years of reform and opening up,China's economic and social development has made remarkable achievements in the world.On the whole,the living standard of the people is improving day by day,the number of individuals below the poverty line is getting smaller and smaller,and the overall situation is getting better.However,with the economic development,some changes have inevitably taken place in the social structure,coupled with the smooth and convenient channels of information transmission,people feel that the phenomena such as "rich second generation" and "poor families are difficult to produce noble children" are becoming more and more serious.These phenomena embody the problems of inequality and imbalance in the process of social development,which are obviously contrary to the current consensus concepts such as "universal benefit"and”sharing",and reflect that there may be the problem of solidification of intergenerational status in social mobility in our country.On the other hand,the flow of intergenerational status is closely related to the social rising channel of ordinary people.in this context,it is necessary to study the characteristics of intergenerational status mobility in our country.finding out the factors that affect the flow of intergenerational status will help to dispel individuals' worries about social inequality and uneven development,and enhance the confidence of individuals to improve their social status through their own efforts,which is also of great significance to the coordinated economic and social development of our country.This paper combines the 2015 China comprehensive social survey data,the provincial China marketization index and the provincial education expenditure data from the China Statistical Yearbook,retains the necessary variables and deletes the missing values and outliers at the same time.Cross-sectional data samples are constructed for analysis.First of all,a cross-table and intergenerational status mobility matrix are established through descriptive statistics to understand the structural characteristics and intergenerational mobility of self-rated social status,and to analyze the influence of gender,household registration and type of work on self-rated social status.at the same time,understand the flow direction and distance of intergenerational social status,and whether there are differences in different regions.Secondly,using HLM software to establish a hierarchical linear model,through empty model,random coefficient regression model and complete model to explore the impact of individual factors,family factors,provincial factors on self-assessment of social status.According to the descriptive analysis and modeling analysis of the intergenerational mobility characteristics and influencing factors of self-rated social status,the following conclusions are drawn:first,the structure of self-rated social status is composed of the largest proportion at the bottom of society and the smaller the number of people in the higher the land is transformed into the "olive"distribution with the largest proportion in the middle of society,and the gender,household registration and type of work are different.the sense of self-identity of self-assessment of social status is slightly different,on the whole,Women,urban hukou,groups working in party and government organs or institutions have a higher sense of self-evaluation of social status.Second,the intergenerational mobility of self-evaluation of social status shows the characteristics of mid-flow as a whole,and the mobility rate of middle-level people is the worst,and the mobility distance is mainly short-distance mobility,while long-distance mobility is less.the proportion of upward mobility of self-evaluation social status is the largest.Third,political outlook,education level,health status and income can significantly affect the social status of individual self-evaluation,while the influence of gender is weak and negative.Fourth:the position level of father and mother's education level have a certain influence on individual self-evaluation social status,but it is weaker than the influence of individual self-factors on self-evaluation social status,and the third is that political outlook,education level,health status and income can significantly affect individual self-evaluation social status,while gender has a weak and negative influence on individual self-evaluation social status.Fifth,the marketization index has a certain impact on individual self-evaluation of social status.Generally speaking,the intergenerational mobility of self-evaluation social status in China is mainly towards middle mobility and upward mobility.Among the factors affecting individual self-evaluation social status,individual factors play the most important role,parents'influence on individuals is weak,and intergenerational solidification is not obvious.The possible innovations in the study are as follows:first,combined with the current situation that mothers invest more energy in their children's education,add the variables of mothers' education level to the influencing factors,and consider the influence of physical fitness on people's energy when studying and working.Add the variable of health status;second,use the marketization index to represent the marketization process of each province to explore the impact of urban development on individual self-evaluation of social status.