| Sharding technology is an effective solution to blockchain scalability.The sharding method used in the blockchain based on random sharding technology represented by Elastico is random sharding method.These blockchain systems do not consider the performance differences that may exist between nodes,but simply assign nodes to different shards.This kind of sharding strategy causes a large gap in the block generation speed between different committees,resulting in a large performance bottleneck in the blockchain.When there are malicious nodes,random Sharding may cause the proportion of malicious nodes in some committees to exceed the security threshold,resulting in committees being controlled,thereby reducing the security of the blockchain.In order to solve the performance problem caused by node differences to random sharding blockchains such as Elastico,this paper proposes a Node Rating based Sharding Scheme(NRSS).Compared to traditional random sharding-based blockchains,NRSSbased blockchains have the following advantages:(1)NRSS improves the performance of blockchain by narrowing the performance gap between different committees through node scoring mechanism and scoring-based sharding strategy.(2)NRSS proposes a monitoring and scoring penalty mechanism for malicious nodes.Combined with the scoring-based sharding strategy,NRSS can reduce the possibility of malicious nodes controlling committees and improve the security of blockchain.In this paper,the NRSS and Elastico are implemented in Golang,and the throughput experiment with node performance difference and the security experiment with malicious nodes are designed.The experimental results show that NRSS blockchain have higher transaction throughput and average response delay than Elastico in the simulated environment with different node performance.In the simulated environment with malicious nodes with different attack modes,the transaction throughput of the NRSS blockchain is less affected than Elastico and has higher security. |
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