Research On Spatial Distribution Characteristics And Influencing Factors Of Tea Cultivation In Guizhou Provice

Guizhou Province is a main province of tea industry in China.It has a long history of cultivating tea.For six consecutive years,the tea garden area ranks first in China,and it is a typical birthplace of ancient tea.As the only area in China with "low latitude,high altitude and little sunshine,Guizhou Province has the advantages of tea production.Tea is one of the leading economic crops in Guizhou Province.The distribution of tea cultivation area is closely related to the local natural environment,social economy and other factors.In the economic development of Guizhou Province,tea industry is one of the main driving forces,and has become the supporting force of poverty alleviation in Guizhou Province.At present,there are more researches on the key tea producing counties in Guizhou Province,but fewer researches on the distribution and influencing factors of tea cultivation in the whole province.This paper uses Guizhou Province as the research area and 88 districts and counties as the basic research unit.In this study,we use the data of tea cultivation in 2018 in Guizhou Province and explores the spatial distribution of landscape fragmentation and specialization.Based on analyzing the autocorrelations,this paper explores the influencing factors of the two spatial patterns,and analyzes the relationship between landscape fragmentation and specialization of tea cultivation.The results are as follows:(1)The landscape fragmentation pattern of tea cultivation in Guizhou Province has spatial distribution difference overall,and the fragmentation degree is lower in the northeast of Guizhou Province,and higher in the southwest and east of Guizhou Province.From west to East,the province presents a "high-low-high" distribution feature,which is affected by the terrain,soil and tea industry belt,and has a certain trend of agglomeration distribution.(2)The spatial pattern of specialization of tea cultivation in Guizhou Province is characterized by the highest level of specialization in Zunyi City,Tongren City and Qiannan Prefecture in the east of Guizhou Province,higher level in the north-west of Guizhou Province,and lower level in other regions.The specialization level shows a gathering trend in the spatial distribution.The key tea producing counties are closely linked with the surrounding areas,which can drive the development of tea industry in the surrounding districts and counties.(3)The landscape fragmentation of tea plantations in Guizhou Province has a positive correlation with average elevation and distance from roads,and a negative correlation with average slope.The professional level of tea plantation is positively related to the average elevation and distance from the road in southeast Guizhou,and it is negatively related to the average elevation and distance to the road in northwestern Guizhou.Other regions have a negative correlation with the proportion of agricultural employment.(4)The landscape fragmentation of tea plantation in Guizhou has a negative correlation with the specialization of production,the lower the degree of landscape fragmentation in the tea plantation area,the higher the level of specialization of tea production.